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True Crime

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AT A GLANCE

Victim: Christian Tobechukwu “Toby” Ubumseli, 27
Date: Sunday, April 3, 2022
Location: Miami, Florida
Perpetrator: Courtney Taylor Clenney, aka Courtney Tailor, 26
Crimes in sum: Courtney Clenney, 26, was arrested on August 10, 2022 on second-degree murder charges, but some still believe she’s innocent. Do you agree?


Courtney Clenney, a 26-year-old social media influencer and OnlyFans model from Midland, Texas, was a guest on the comedy podcast, We In Miami, in March of 2022. In the episode, she joked about being the “crazy, toxic girlfriend.”

A month later, that remark became an ominous warning when she fatally stabbed her on-again, off-again boyfriend of two years, 27-year-old Christian Tobechukwu “Toby” Obumseli.

Unfortunately, hindsight is always 20/20.

What Happened?

The homicide occurred in the early evening on Sunday, April 3, 2022. Courtney and Christian, who went by “Toby,” lived in Apartment 2201 at the One Paraiso Residences, a 53-floor luxury high-rise in the Edgewater community of Miami, Florida. The apartment, located on the 22nd floor, has three bedrooms, 3.5 bathrooms, waterfront views and a private elevator. All those amenities and more cost a modest $10,000 per month.

However, within their luxury lifestyle, the couple lived in their own personal hell. Police visited their apartment at least seven times since they moved there in January 2022. This call would be the last.

Toby suffered a stab wound to the chest that penetrated three inches into his skin. The six-inch kitchen knife punctured an artery and the wound was fatal. Toby was eight shy of his 28th birthday.

Courtney Clenney and Toby Ubumseli. Photo from Instagram.

An Unlikely Story

When police questioned Courtney, she denied stabbing Toby. She said Toby charged at her and she threw the knife at him from across the room, or from about 10 feet away. Courtney said she didn’t intend to hurt Toby, but to scare him away.

However, the model, actress and personal trainer, who earned more than $3 million on OnlyFans from 2020 to 2022, didn’t think her statement through. In court, the medical examiner said that unless Courtney was a professional knife-thrower, it was impossible for the knife to have penetrated Toby’s skin in such a powerful downward motion. Rather, Toby received the fatal wound at close range.

On Wednesday, August 10, 2022, Hawaii police arrested Courtney on a second-degree murder charge. Courtney’s defense team asked for bail and pre-trial release.

The judge denied both requests. Expectedly, the blonde-haired, blue-eyed beauty is preparing to play the self-defense card. She will face trial this year (2023).

Here’s the full story.


Courtney Clenney. Photograph from her Instagram: @courtneytailor.

Who’s Courtney Clenney?

Courtney Taylor Clenney, known on social media as Courtney Tailor, was born on April 21, 1996 to Deborah Bond and Kim Clenney in rural Midland, Texas. Courtney’s parents are entrepreneurs and have owned at least three small businesses, which include a professional organizing company, a roofing contractor and an energy services company. She has one younger sister, Morgan.

At age 7, Courtney and her family moved to Austin. Growing up, Courtney was competitive and actively participated in sports. Her competitiveness followed her into adulthood and drove her short-lived success.

Young Courtney participated in many sports, including soccer, basketball, swimming, gymnastics and horseback riding. As a child, she was a high-diver and considered competing in the olympics. As a teen and young adult, she transitioned into physical fitness. Courtney became a certified personal trainer and competed in a number of athletic bikini competitions, including the NPC West Coast Classic in 2016.

Courtney Clenney. Photo from FitnessVolt.com

Entering the limelight.

Courtney finished about two years of college before dropping out. School wasn’t for her. She dreamt of becoming an entertainer and certainly had the looks, physique and drive to make it happen.

Courtney began to see an acting coach and appeared as an extra in TV commercials for Pepsi, Cirrus Logic, Celebration Church and Discount Dollars. She also fulfilled small roles in American Psycho, The Lying Game, Unstalkable, Boyhood and Everybody Wants Some!!! and in the music video for G-Eazy and Bebe Rexha’s 2015 song, “Me, Myself & I.” Later that year, she posed for Playboy magazine.

In 2017, Courtney moved to Los Angeles, California, for more opportunities. Her social media presence also started to grow. She currently has more than two million followers on her Instagram page: view it here. Courtney also became a brand ambassador for BANG energy drinks, Manscaped razors and The Chive, and advertised clothing from brands including Missguided.

An OnlyFans superstar.

OnlyFans, an internet content subscription service with a reputation for adult content, launched in 2016. The following year, Courtney began selling explicit photos, videos and other content, including subscriptions, on the site. Her father, Kim Clenney, wasn’t aware of his daughter’s online presence until her arrest in 2022.

Courtney meets Toby.

Courtney and Toby met in Austin. The couple began dating sometime in 2020.

Toby was also from Texas, but he grew up in Plano, about 215 miles north of Austin, where Courtney spent her childhood.

Christian Obumseli. Photo from his GoFundMe page.

Toby was born on April 12, 1994 to his parents, Christopher Obumseli and Chio Ndiwe. His parents are from Nigeria, but Toby was born in Dallas, Texas. Toby was the youngest of three children, which includes his sister Jen Adaeze and Jeffrey Obumseli.

Growing up, Toby was an athlete; something he and Courtney shared in common. In high school, he played basketball and football, and was captain of the football team. He went on to attend Texas Tech University and graduated with a bachelor’s degree in communications studies and business management. In his adult life, Toby held various sales positions, and eventually became a cryptocurrency investor and trader. He also opened his own business, Wiseman & Peachtree LLC.

Friends and family described Toby as loving, carefree, compassionate and gentle-spirited, with a big, beautiful smile.

A tumultuous union.

After the murder, Toby’s family appeared on the Dr. Phil talk show to discuss their terrible experience. A friend, who wished to remain anonymous, described the couple as very much “in love” in the beginning of their relationship. But within a few months, the union became combative, unstable, hostile and tempestuous.

Courtney and Toby argued a lot. They also broke up a lot, but they always got back together. Their relationship worsened because of Courtney’s drinking. When Courtney drank alcohol, she was violent and impulsive. It was often during her drunken stupors that fights started between her and Toby.

Minor occurrences usually triggered their fights, such as Toby looking at or talking to another woman. Meanwhile, Courtney was the one with a history of infidelity toward Toby.

Form bad to worse.

The constant arguing affected Toby. Many of his friends noticed. Once upbeat, positive and full of energy, he became stressed, quiet and withdrawn. Courtney started to pull Toby away from his friends, which was accompanied by her intensifying jealousy.

Courtney Clenney pictured in her booking photo when she was arrested in July 2021 in Las Vegas for domestic battery. Photograph from the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department.

Eventually, the arguments became physical, with Courtney as both the aggressor and the abuser. Courtney started to hit Toby on the arms and chest, slap him across the face and pull his hair, all while verbally berating him. The behavior escalated to Courtney stabbing Toby in the leg on one occasion and cutting his cheek on another.

The couple first moved into a penthouse apartment together iin South Austin, Texas. Neighbors there complained about their fighting. One neighbor on the 10th floor found a tiger painting on the balcony that Courtney threw from their apartment.

After the couple moved to another penthouse in Miami, Florida, neighbors there complained about yelling, slamming of doors and breaking objects, including neighbors who lived two floors above them. The police visited the apartment often. Courtney often trashed the apartment during their fights and left shambles in her wake.

During a trip to Las Vegas in July 2021, police arrested Courtney for domestic battery against Toby. While staying at The Cosmopolitan hotel, Courtney threw a glass at Toby, barely missing his head. Toby chose not to press charges and police released Courtney the following day.

A female abuser with no accountability.

Toby made excuses for Courtney. He was quick to blame her hostile behavior on her drinking and claimed their relationship was good when Courtney was sober. Unfortunately, with her growing fame and cash flow, Courtney was sober less and less often. People in the Austin and Miami night life scenes knew about Courtney and not for good reasons.

Elevator video footage shows Courtney Clenney and Christian Obumseli in an altercation, with Courtney as the aggressor.

Friends said Toby never retaliated. Rather, he stood there “like a stick figure” and took Courtney’s abuse. He’d try to block her swings or hold her arms so she’d stop swinging, but never fought back. Instead, Toby always tried to appease Courtney and calm her down.

Friends who partied and traveled with Toby and Courtney recall Courtney often pulling Toby to the side, and starting fights with him that involved slapping, pushing, shoving and spitting on him. On at least one occasion, she yelled at him for looking at other women. On another, Courtney pushed Toby down the stairs at a house party.

Escalating violence and abuse.

There is telling video footage captured from the elevator of their Miami penthouse, that shows an altercation between Toby and Courtney. In the video, Courtney hits Toby, pulls his hair and yells at him. Toby, on the other hand, tries to calm Courtney down and shield himself from her blows. View it here.

In February 2022, two months before Toby died, Courtney cheated on him, tried stabbing him (but the knife missed and sliced his beard and cheek), called him the n***** word (which she did repeatedly) and kicked him out of the apartment several times. Toby had to get stitches in his face, which reopened several times due to Courtney slapping him.

Toby wrote text messages to Courtney, pleading for change and trying to reason with her. He never stopped trying to be on her side.

Stuck under Courtney’s grasp.

Because of Courtney’s growing success and opportunities, the couple decided Toby would work as her personal assistant. Now, Toby waited on hand and foot for Courtney, managing photo shoots and her schedule. In return, Courtney promised him a percentage of the revenue from her OnlyFans account. It’s unknown as to whether Courtney paid Toby, but it seems unlikely.

Courtney Clenney and Toby Obumseli. Photo originally from Instagram.

Sometimes, Courtney felt bad for treating Toby so poorly. Because she had the money, Courtney tried to compensate for her foul behavior with expensive gifts. On at least one occasion, Courtney threw Toby’s luggage and all his belongings off the balcony of their Miami penthouse. To make up for what she did, she bought him new belongings, along with a brand new luggage set from Louie Vuitton worth about $10,000.

Final days.

Courtney’s behavior became more unstable, aggressive and unhinged by the day.

On Friday, April 1, 2022, three days before Toby died, police visited the apartment on a domestic dispute. Courtney had bruises all over her arms and legs.

Apartment management received many complaints about the couple. The couple was also months behind on their rent. Consequently, Aleros Capital Investments, which represented their apartment building, filed a case against Courtney in Miami Court on March 21, 2022 for eviction.

A Pattern of Behavior

Courtney’s behavior towards Toby escalated over their relationship, but the young woman displayed signs of problematic behavior leading up to this point, including a history of domestic violence. Her violent past includes allegedly stabbing her previous boyfriend before Toby. And then, there’s Shawn Rhoden.

A photo of Shawn Rhoden and Courtney Tailor during a 20XX fitness competition after Courtney won the MPC Class Bikini. Photo from Muscle Insider.

Courtney’s relationship with Shawn Rhoden.

In 2022, bodybuilder Nick Trigili shared a video to his YouTube channel BodyBuilding & BS (which has over 106,000 subscribers) about Courtney physically assaulting bodybuilder Shawn Rhoden and shattering his jaw in 2017.

In 2017, Shawn, known in the bodybuilding community as Mr. Olympia, was married to his then-wife Michelle Sugar, who he also shared a child with. That same year, he started an affair with Courtney. Sadly, Shawn passed away from a heart attack in November 2021.

Courtney and Shawn trained at Gold’s Gym in Venice Beach, California, where they met. Shawn provided Courtney with nutritional information and helped her prepare for upcoming competitions. Over time, it evolved into a sexual relationship. Courtney didn’t know about Shawn being married, but she allegedly shattered his jaw when she found out.

Shawn never pressed charges against Courtney due to it being an affair. He also never publicly discussed his broken jaw, but people presumed it was from a car accident. While recovering, Shawn had to blend his food and eat through a straw. Nick and two of Shawn’s ex-wives corroborated the story.

2018.

A woman in Austin, Texas, sued Courtney on August 30, 2018 for an incident involving a car crash. The woman accused Courtney of personal injuries, property damage and loss of use of a vehicle. The case was settled out of court and ultimately dismissed.

A photo of Courtney Clenney taken at the Hawaii Police Department after her arrest on August 10, 2022.

2020.

On September 16, 2020, police arrested Courtney, also in Texas, for driving while intoxicated. Her first DUI charge came at age 18, so this was her second. Courtney’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was 0.30, more than times the legal limit. Police released Courtney on a $8,000 bond. As a condition of her release, Courtney had an ignition interlock device installed in her car to measure her alcohol level. 

The Night of the Murder

On Sunday, April 3, 2022, Toby left their Miami apartment around 1:15 pm and returned at 4:33 pm with sandwiches from Subway for him and Courtney. At 4:01 pm, Courtney live-streamed herself on Instagram, in what seemed to be a Q&A session with fans. She wore the same outfit that police photographed her in later that day. Her behavior on that live was suggestive of her being on substances.

Courtney called Christian right before the live at 4:01 pm and again at 4:33 pm.

When he left, Courtney realized that Toby stopped sharing his location with her. Because Courtney didn’t trust Toby and was exceptionally jealous, this was a major source of contention. When Toby returned, he shared his location again with Courtney, but she didn’t do the same.

Fast-escalating and deadly.

Within the next half hour, Courtney called her mother at 4:43 pm and chatted for six minutes. Then, she called her mom again at 4:49 pm and spoke for seven minutes. At some point between 4:43 pm and 4:57 pm, Courtney stabbed Toby in the chest with a six-inch serrated kitchen knife. The knife pierced three inches into his skin, just below a tattoo of Courtney’s name, and hit an artery. Courtney’s mother, Deborah Bond, later said she heard Courtney say that Toby was “lying.”

At 4:57 pm, Courtney called 9-1-1 to ask for paramedics. At the same time, neighbors reported a disturbance to building management, who then phoned security and also called police.

To police, Courtney claimed that Toby charged at her, pushed her and attacked her in retaliation. After the stabbing, Courtney called her mother for support, while Toby bled out in the background. Thirteen minutes later, she called 9-1-1. By the time the paramedics arrived, Toby suffered excessive blood loss.

Courtney Clenney on the night of April 3, 2022. Photograph from the Miami-Date State Attorney’s Office.

When authorities came to the apartment, Courtney was covered in blood and curiously kissing her dogs in the hallway.

Courtney is hospitalized.

During the 3.5-hour police interrogation, Courtney threatened to kill herself. As a result, police followed the Florida Mental Health Act of 1971. Also known as the Baker Act, this law empowers law enforcement, health care professionals, judges and/or family members to have an individual or loved one involuntarily committed to a mental health facility for up to 72 hours to receive emergency treatment for a suspected mental health issue. Immediate crisis prevention is the main goal.

Officials held Courtney at a mental hospital for less than 48 hours. She walked free under the guise of innocence and with minimal investigation outright.

Five days after the stabbing, a member of the public spotted Courtney at a hotel bar in Miami. Courtney was with her father, ordering alcohol beverages at the bar. The member of the public told Courtney to leave because she just killed her boyfriend. Courtney turned to this individual and said, “He lied to me,” referring to Toby.

The blood-soaked pants that Courtney wore on the night of Christian’s murder. Photograph from the Miami-Dade State Attorney’s Office.

Courtney remains free, for now.

Because of Courtney’s wealth, she got ahold of an elite lawyer who painted a picture of domestic violence, with Courtney on the receiving end of that violence. So, she was free to go. She didn’t spend time in jail and she continued to drink excessively, which worsened after the murder.

In June 2022, three months after killing Toby, Courtney moved back to Austin, Texas, to be closer to her parents. She purchased a lavish, 3080-foot, $1.35 million-dollar home in Lake Pointe, Texas, located in the Bee Cave community of Austin. The home had four bedrooms, four bathrooms, a media room, a game room, a hot tub and three large deck areas. She also transferred $1.5 million into her father’s bank account for him to oversee as her mental health continued to decline.

Toby’s family fights for justice.

Toby’s mother, Chio Ndiwe, learned about her youngest son’s death the following day, Monday, April 4, 2022. While she was at work, Chio received a call asking about Toby’s status as an organ donor. She hadn’t heard anything about his murder the day before.

His family went onto the Dr Phil talk show to share their side of the story. They also created a GoFundMe page to help pay for Toby’s funeral expenses, and hired a lawyer to fight against the case. The amount of evidence against Courtney is insurmountable, and with the help of eye-witness accounts, 12,000 text messages, the footage from the elevator of Courtney attacking Christian, and letters, audio recordings and photos, Toby’s team put together an unshakeable case.

Courtney Clenney. (Image via Miami Herald/ Getty Images)

Five months later, police detained Courtney on August 10, 2022, in Laupahoehoe, Hawaii. She flew to Laupahoehoe to attend rehabilitation for substance abuse and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). She returned to Florida on August 11 and was arrested on second-degree murder charges.

Courtney entered a plea of not guilty and will remain incarcerated until her trial and subsequent sentencing date this year.


My Two Cents Corner

I’ve done a lot of research into this case and listened to quite a few audio recordings that Toby Obumseli took of him and Courtney’s arguments. In one of these arguments, Courtney calls him the n***** word, while screaming at the top of her lungs and threatening to slap Toby. The reason for this behavior was because Toby said “hello” to another woman that passed him while he was riding a bike, and that he heard her and Courtney were doing a “live” (meaning if they were going to be live-streaming content on social media together.)

If this isn’t the most insecure-sounding woman out there, than I don’t know who is. It’s both ironic and sad that someone who put so much effort into her looks and also made so much money off of them, had so little self-esteem that it turned her into a monster. In my opinion, it sounded like Courtney used her looks as leverage and her high-paying and recent fame to imagine herself superior to Toby, and also to others. Her “success” gave her permission to behave ever-more inexcusably and do so without accountability. Courtney used her wealth to physically and mentally abuse Christian, and as a way to control him during her arguments.

Inside, it sounds like Courtney was an empty shell looking for some sort of constant gratification or escape. She never held herself accountable and neither did many people in her life (or so it seems). She truly believed that she would be able to use her looks, wealth and status as a young and beautiful white woman, to escape the consequences of her actions, which robbed family and friends of their beloved Toby. Considering the pattern of her behaviors, I believe it was only a matter of time until Courtney committed some sort of tragic offense if she continued on this path without changing her behaviors.

Allegedly and in my own opinion!

Thank you for reading.


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At A Glance

Name: Madalina Cojocari
Age: 11
Last seen: Monday, November 21, 2022
Missing from: Cornelius, North Carolina
Description: Madalina is 4’10” and weighs 90 lbs. She has long brown hair and brown eyes.
Contact: Anyone with information on Madalina’s disappearance and/or whereabouts is to call the Cornelius Police Department at 704-892-7773 or 1-800-CALLFBI.


It took Madalina Cojocari’s parents over a month to report her missing.

The 11-year-old, sixth grader from Cornelius, North Carolina, who loves horses and ice cream, was last seen by her mother on Wednesday, November 23, 2022; the night before Thanksgiving. That evening, Diana Cojocari, 37, was arguing with her husband, 60-year-old Christopher Palmiter, when Madalina took herself to bed around 10 pm.

Madalina Cojocari. Photo from Facebook.
Madalina Cojocari. Photo from Facebook.

Late that night, according to Christopher, and early the next morning, per Diana, Christopher left hurriedly for Michigan; a nine-hour, 550-mile drive. Originally from Michigan, Christopher was visiting family to “collect some belongings.” Diana spent the morning alone and checked on on Madalina around 11:30 am. And that’s when she noticed her daughter wasn’t in her room or elsewhere in the home.

In Cornelius, North Carolina, Diana and Madalina were far from home. Mother and daughter immigrated to the U.S. from Moldova, a country in east Europe, in 2017. The life-changing move brought them halfway across the world so Diana could marry Christopher; a man she met online and hardly knew. Nonetheless, worried friends and family in Moldova still pled with Diana over the phone to report Madalina’s absence. Still, she didn’t.

Instead, Diana waited three more days until Christopher returned home to ask if he’d seen Madalina. She later told investigators she was afraid to report her daughter missing while Christopher was away, because she feared it might cause “conflict” or damage her marriage. Christopher denied seeing Madalina before he left and up to a week prior.

Curiously, when Christopher returned, him and Diana asked each other if the other was “hiding” Madalina somewhere, to which they both answered “no.” Despite this proclamation, and the fact that their local police station was only a mile from their home, neither reported Madalina missing for another 20 days.


Lying In Plain Sight

Madalina Cojocari’s mother, Diana, and stepfather, Christopher, didn’t plan to report their daughter missing. From all accounts, it was a topic that neither dipped into. Madalina promised to alert authorities and Christopher “encouraged” her too, but neither of them actually did anything.

It wasn’t until officials from Madalina’s school noticed her accruing absences, that suspicions set on the Cojocari-Palmiter household.

The two-story home on Victoria Bay Drive in Cornelius, North Carolina, where Madalina Cojocari lived with her mother and stepfather before she was last seen on November 21, 2022. Photo from News Nation.

Because of Madalina’s repeat absences, officials from Bailey Middle School, where she attended sixth grade, sent letters and placed a few calls to the home. All these attempts went unanswered.

On December 12, a resource officer and counselor with the school visited the home. Their knocks also went unanswered, but they left a truancy packet at their doorstep. Two days later, Diana called the school and agreed to meet in-person on December 15, and to bring Madalina with her. Instead, she showed to the appointment alone.

Figuratively cornered with nowhere to turn and without any “believable” excuses to offer, she admitted to school officials that her 11-year-old had been missing for three weeks. The school contacted local authorities, who contacted the FBI, and an official investigation began to find the missing child.

Diana and Christopher were arrested and charged with failure to report Madalina missing. They were brought to Mecklenburg County Detention Center in Charlotte, where Christopher received a $200,000 bond and Diana, $250,000. The judge later revoked Diana’s bail and required them both to surrender their passports.


Establishing a Timeline for Madalina Cojocari

The only semblance of a realistic timeline starts with Monday, November 21, 2022. Security footage inside of a Bailey Middle School bus captured Madalina exiting her normal bus at her usual stop at 4:59 pm. That’s all we know so far.

Madalina Cojocari exits her normal school bus on November 21, 2022. This is the last time anyone, aside from Madalina’s mother and stepfather, has seen the 11-year-old girl. Photo from the Cornelius Police Department.

Madalina was last seen wearing blue jeans, a white t-shirt and a white jacket, and pink, purple and white Adidas sneakers.

Anyone with information on Madalina’s disappearance and/or whereabouts is urged to call the Cornelius Police Department at 704-892-7773 or 1-800-CALLFBI.


How Diana Cojocari and Christopher Palmiter Crossed Paths

Diana and Madalina are from Moldova, a country that sits between Romania and Ukraine. Compared to its neighboring countries, Moldova is small, with a population of 3.5 million. It’s also among the poorest countries in Europe with a considerable amount of crime and substance abuse, and is home to the world’s heaviest consumers of alcohol. Diana and Madalina lived in one of its impoverished areas.

Internet sources speculate whether Diana wanted to leave Moldova to establish a better life for her and Madalina. Nonetheless, she started chatting with men online from across the world. One of these men, who she met on an international dating site, was Christopher Palmiter. At the time Diana was 32 and Christopher was 55.

Diana Cojocari, 37, and Christopher Palmiter, 60. Photo from the Mecklenburg County Sheriff’s Office.

Christopher, who is 33 years older than Diana, was a creative designer who worked for various manufacturing firms. His career began in Michigan, where he is from, and took him to Virginia and North Carolina, where he eventually purchased a two-story brick home in the residential neighborhood of Victoria Bay Drive. When he moved to Cornelius, he opened his own design business: Christopher James Studios.

Christopher lived more than 5,000 miles from Diana and Madalina, but he made a decent living and could surely provide them with a stable lifestyle, at least financially.

So in 2017, Diana obtained the necessary Visas for her and Madalina, and they moved to join Christopher. The home he purchased for them has four bedrooms, three bathrooms and a beautiful fenced-in yard for Madalina to play in, and is located just 20 minutes from Charlotte. The cozy community also had a private pool, tennis courts and picturesque views of nearby Lake Norman.

With so many differences between Diana and Christopher, from their ages and lifestyles to their beliefs, it was only a matter of time for disagreements, and they surely did happen. One of their most-disagreed-upon subjects is religion. Diana’s beliefs are very strong and specific, and Christopher doesn’t share in them.


Diana Cojocari and Kundalini

Diana is part of a small, tight-knit religious group that believes a subgroup, of sorts, of Kundalini. Because we don’t know what happened to Madalina yet, Diana’s religious views may provide some insight into her thoughts and the possible lead-up to Madalina’s disappearance.

A graphic demonstrating the flow of Kundalini energy up through the chakras. Photo from Wikipedia.

In Hinduism, Kundalini is a divine feminine energy, known as “Shakti,” or the formless goddess. Shakti is stored in the base of the spine. Kundalini yoga focuses on releasing this energy to experience a spiritual awakening characteristic of consciousness expansion, freedom from ego and feelings of euphoria. The experience occurs as the energy from the base of the spine rises to awaken all seven of the body’s chakras: root, sacral, solar plexus, heart, throat, third eye and crown.

Followers believe awakening is reachable through years of dedicated yoga practice, as well as intense personal experiences such as childbirth, near-death encounters and extreme emotional duress. 

Diana’s Support of Yogi Bhajan.

It wasn’t Diana’s belief in Kundalini that’s cause for concern, but her staunch support of guru Yogi Bhajan.

Yogi Bhajan died in 2004 at the age of 74, but in life he was known as the founder of Kundalini yoga. Kundalini yoga originated around 1,000 B.C., so Yogi Bhajan was hardly the inventor, but in the 1970s he introduced his version of Kundalini to the western world, which included elements of the Indian religion, Sikhism.

Yogi Bhajan was also hardly the esteemed individual he claimed to be. In 1968, a year before he introduced his version of Kundalini yoga to Canada, and then Los Angeles, he was Harbhajan Singh Puri, a customs officer at the Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi, India. But that all changed when he reached LA and started teaching yoga classes. A year later, he founded the nonprofit 3HO— Health, Happy, Holy Foundation—which remains active today. 

Yogi Bhajan, 1985. Photo from Wikipedia.

The truth is, Yogi Bhajan was a fraudster guilty of sexual misconduct. He had a wife and three daughters, but claimed to be celibate. Instead, his sexual abuse and misconduct left a smear of multigenerational trauma that changed his of victims and their families forever. Conveniently for Yogi Bhajan, the truth emerged after his death. The allegations against him involve 299 victims.

Pamela Saharah Dyson, Yogi Bhajan’s former student and employee, exposed his actions in her 2020 book, Premka: White Bird in a Golden Cage (My Life with Yogi Bhajan). The book encouraged other victims to come forward as well.

Where Diana comes into the equation, is in her continued support of Yogi Bhajan’s specific beliefs, which teeter towards violence. Yogi Bhajan encouraged violence, abuse and trauma as a way to trigger a Kundalini awakening. Majority of those who practice Kundalini reject Yogi Bhajan today—but not Diana.


Investigation Status for Madalina Cojocari

Madalina Cojocari, 11. Photo courtesy the FBI.

When investigators questioned Diana, she told them she believed Christopher put the family in danger before he left. The public is not aware how or why, or what this means. She also claimed that some of Madalina’s clothes were missing from the home, along with her backpack.

Officials have conducted several searches of the home on Victoria Bay Drive where Madalina lives. Inside, detectives found an area in the kitchen that was sectioned-off with plywood, where Christopher said he was building a second apartment within the home. Investigators were also seen digging in the backyard.

Officials expanded their search to include Lake Norman, which hugs the town of Cornelius along a 70-mile shoreline. Police also went door-to-door to 245 homes in the Victoria Bay neighborhood in Cornelius to find information on possible leads.

Captain Jennifer Thompson with the Cornelius Police Department released a statement, “This is a serious case of a child whose parents are clearly not telling us everything they know.”

A probable cause hearing is scheduled for Diana Cojocari and Christopher Palmiter on January 9, 2023.


Resources:

In Part I, we left off with Taylor Rene Parker, 29, receiving the death penalty in November 2022. Taylor was charged with the murder of Reagan Michelle Simmons-Hancock, and for kidnapping her unborn fetus. The crimes occurred on Sunday, October 9, 2020, the same day of Taylor’s scheduled induction. She was nearly 10 months pregnant.

Well, that appointment was a big problem for Taylor, because she wasn’t pregnant and never was.

A photo of Wade Griffin and Taylor Parker taken during a “maternity” photoshoot Taylor arranged in August of 2022.

It’s hard to imagine what might provoke a 29-year-old, twice-divorced woman and mother of two to fabricate a third pregnancy with a man she barely knew. But in February 2020, Taylor did just that and told Wade she was pregnant—for the second time. The first pregnancy announcement was only weeks after Taylor and Wade started dating—and that was a lie, too.

What’s more, is Taylor didn’t have custody of the two children she already had. By many accounts, she was especially neglectful towards her son, her youngest child. So, why a third?

As we’d come to find out, Taylor wasn’t after the prospect of another baby or experiencing motherhood for a third time. She only wanted Wade. A master manipulator, Taylor created fake scenarios to present herself as a totally different person. She wanted Wade to find her utterly irresistible, so he would never leave her.

And she was willing to do anything to keep him around, including murder.

Bottled Blonde Meets Country Boy

On Thursday, July 25, 2019, a typical humid summer’s day in East Texas, Taylor met Wade Griffin, 27, at a rodeo. The Annual Naples Rodeo & Watermelon Festival, held at the Naples Rodeo Club, is a big to-do in Texarkana. Then in its 81st year, the event features barrel racing, steer wrestling and team roping, along with a king and queen crowning and mounds of fresh and delicious watermelon.

The rodeo was held three weeks after Taylor divorced her second husband, Hunter Parker. She was officially single and ready to mingle. And that’s when she ran into Wade, a tall, burly, red-haired country boy.

Wade worked hard and long hours. Never married and without children, he had a reputation for being a hard worker and an all-around good guy. Wade was a roofing supervisor, and he also bought and sold wild hogs to a meat-processing plant. He lived in a modest cabin in Simms, a small town in Bowie County that’s home to some 1,400 residents. He enjoyed a simple, quiet life.

Wade had no idea what he signed up for when he met Taylor.

Where Control Meets Psychopathy.

Every relationship is different…obviously.

Some people are slow to warm up to each another, while others jump headfirst into intense, can’t-live-without-you romances seemingly overnight. Over the course of our lives, some of us will experience both kinds of relationships—from the perspective of others as well as our own. Taylor has a tendency to rush, but Wade didn’t reciprocate fast enough for her liking. So, she manipulated everything about their relationship from the start, without giving it a fair chance to grow.

Less than a month into dating, Taylor decided she wanted to live with Wade. She decided, because he wasn’t allowed much input at all. Instead of them of making a shared decision, Taylor fabricated a completely outlandish story to manipulate Wade into inviting her to stay. She gave him no choice. And what do you know—it worked.

It was the first of many lies she told and continues to tell.

Making Her Mother The Villain.

Taylor Parker and Wade Griffin. Photo from Facebook.

Theatrically, which is typical of Taylor’s behavior, she told Wade she feared for her life. She explained that her mother, Shona Prior, hired a hitman to murder her. Shona wanted to access a bank account in Taylor’s name—that had $6 million in it.

Having Taylor killed was the fastest way for Shona to get ahold of the money, she said.

Here’s the story Taylor told Wade:

Taylor explained that her family owned a significant amount of oil-producing land throughout Texas. Her family leased their land to companies and collected weekly royalty checks from theses oil and gas leases. The money accrued from the royalty checks made-up her family’s multi-million-dollar fortune.

Recently, Taylor’s grandparents transferred $6 million to her bank account. Taylor’s grandparents wanted her to maintain a property known as Nolan Place, which they could no longer maintain themselves. The large sum of money was exclusively to upkeep Nolan Place.

Distraught over not having access to the account, Shona hired a hitman to murder Taylor. Just in time, Texas police caught up with the hired hitman and a shootout ensued between him and the Mexican Mafia. Shona was arrested and jailed, where she committed suicide while awaiting trial. The crimes weren’t covered by local media because it was “under wraps,” Taylor said.

None of this was true.

There was no family fortune. There is no oil-producing land, leases or royalty checks. Shona did not hire a hitman to murder her daughter. Taylor’s mother was completely oblivious to all the slanderous lies her daughter said about her.

Holding On By A Thread.

When Wade’s mother, Connie Griffin, learned Taylor didn’t have custody of her own kids, it rubbed her the wrong way. She and many others wondered, why? What happened?

What happened, is that Taylor is pathological. She lies and lies, and then creates more lies to backtrack out of lies. She uses these lies to emotionally enrapture the people around her and garner control over them. As they say, there’s nothing like a mother’s intuition, and Connie was spot-on about there being something “off” about Taylor.

Not long after Taylor lied about her and Wade’s first pregnancy, she lied again and claimed to suffer a miscarriage. Taylor felt the “experience” brought them closer together.

Because of Wade’s busy schedule, he wasn’t home too much. When he was home, he expressed little interest in Taylor’s drama, personal and family-related. He didn’t know her for long, so he trusted her that Shona, Taylor’s mom, was “crazy.” Whenever something went wrong, Taylor seemed to connect it back to Shona. Besides, why would Taylor lie about something so ridiculous?

In the beginning of their relationship, Taylor was a decent houseguest. She made herself constantly available to Wade, after all. While he worked, Taylor cared for his property and livestock. He looked forward to steamy, home-cooked meals that she prepared every night for dinner. He thought she was one of the best cooks around.

Taylor Parker. Photo credit: Tyler Paper.

A Crisis Waiting To Happen.

Try as she might, Wade wasn’t in love with Taylor. While she was head-over-heels, Wade was hardly invested. He told his mother he cared for Taylor, but he didn’t love her.

Connie wasn’t happy to see her son settling, but he cruised along. Taylor fed Wade promise after promise of land, lucrative business opportunities, a family estate, after all. Eventually, the news came of “another” pregnancy. Wade stuck around to eventually find himself “stuck” with Taylor.

As time wore on, Taylor felt the space growing between her and Wade. It rattled her nerves. Taylor’s constant drama turned Wade off from the relationship and from Taylor in general. He wanted to disengage.

Taylor complained to Wade about their lack of intimacy. Despite her pleading, he still hardly reciprocated . So, you can imagine Wade was less than enthused when Taylor turned up pregnant “again” in late February 2020.

A Fake Pregnancy And No Intent To Come Clean

Taylor told friends, family, Facebook followers and Wade that their baby was due September 28, 2020. As the date drew closer, she announced they were having a girl they’d name Clancy Gail.

Physically, Taylor progressed in her pregnancy as well—which was yet another lie.

Taylor wore maternity clothes and regularly posted detailed updates about her pregnancy on Facebook. In these posts and to whoever asked, she shared sonogram photos of her growing baby; fake images she purchased from fakeababy.com. She customized the baby’s gender and gestational period, as well as the clinic and physician’s name.

A photo of the Moon Bump Silicone Fake Pregnancy Belly – 20 to 25 Week Stage Baby Bump sold on fakeababy.com, and an example of the fake pregnancy belly worn by Taylor Parker.

To dissuade growing suspicions, Taylor ordered a silicon pregnancy belly from that same website. She wore it during her and Wade’s maternity photoshoot in August of 2020, and also for her gender reveal party and baby shower.

Conveniently, because Taylor was “pregnant” during the pandemic, she met with her doctors alone while Wade waited outside. No one accompanied her due to coronavirus safety precautions. Privacy laws, like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), also kept everyone, including Wade, from accessing her medical information. He called the OBGYN for updates with no such luck.

Obviously Taylor’s OBGYN doctor knew she was faking a pregnancy, and office staff assumed she would claim a miscarriage. Her family did, too. Taylor was ballsy enough to invite her doctor to her “gender reveal” party, despite her knowing the truth. The OBGYN office eventually discontinued their patient-provider relationship with her.

Taylor’s due date came and went, and all eyes were on her to explain herself or turn up with a baby. She was unwilling to sacrifice her pride, worried she could lose Wade. Taylor was determined to preserve her relationship; it was more important to her than anything else.

An Ex-Husband’s Ominous Warning.

Taylor’s first husband, Tommy Wacasey, with whom she shares a son, learned Taylor was “pregnant.” He knew without communicating with Taylor, that it was a lie. He texted Wade to warn him about Taylor’s tendencies.

Her ex told Wade that area hospitals were on “high alert,” because of concern that Taylor might attempt to kidnap a newborn from a maternity ward.

He told him something else, but keep reading to find that out.

A Plan For Murder.

Reagan Michelle Simmons-Hancock with husband Homer Hancock and daughter Kynlee. Photo from Facebook.

On the day of Taylor’s scheduled delivery, she unfriended her mother from Facebook, as well as Homer Hancock, the husband of Reagan Michelle Simmons-Hancock. But it was three days before that, on September 14, 2020, that Taylor’s internet search history revealed her premeditated plan.

Scouting Her Victims.

On this Monday, Sept. 14, Taylor searched the web for local places that pregnant women frequent. Results turned up for maternity consignment stores and OBGYN clinics throughout East Texas and Shreveport, Louisiana. Taylor made appointments at these clinics and was seen both outside and inside. At some of the clinics, she sat outside for a time, observing pregnant women come and go.

Taylor wrote down the license plates of these women and later searched them in Google to locate their addresses. Less than 10 days before the murder of Reagan Hancock, she looked up teen pregnancy support groups in Texarkana and allegedly attended a meeting.

Fortunately for investigators, Taylor used her phone for all her research. These searches helped incriminate her.

Taylor’s phone revealed searches for information on midwifery certification and private adoptions. While deciding on a plan, it’s believed Taylor considered posing as a midwife to gain access to a newborn. She also searched for instructions on how to complete an out-of-hospital birth certificate, and watched YouTube videos on vaginal and C-section births. Some of the videos discussed performing C-section deliveries and delivery of the placenta.

On October 7, Taylor searched Reagan’s current and former addresses, and the address of Reagan’s OBGYN office. On the morning of October 9, she looked up information about giving birth vaginally at 35 weeks and also how to perform a physical exam of a 35-week infant.

And she kept going, despite all the evidence she left in her wake.

Arson And A Bomb Threat.

Remember, Taylor’s due date was scheduled for September 28, 2020, but she didn’t “give birth” on this day. She had to think fast to find an excuse to prolong her birth.

Taylor Parker. Photo credit: Texarkana Today.

So, she started a fire in Wade’s home.

The fire on October 5, 2020 caused pipe damage, which prevented the home from having running water or power. Fortunately, State Farm, Wade’s home insurance, hired a fire analyst to investigate the origins of the fire. The analyst determined the fire was not electrical, as originally believed, but it was intentionally set using a lighter. Investigators ultimately connected Taylor to the arson.

The following day, Taylor was scheduled to be induced again, but couldn’t because someone called in a bomb threat to Titus Regional Medical Center in Mount Pleasant, Texas, around 5 am. That “someone” was obviously Taylor, but the false alarm required hospital staff to evaluate more than 100 patients. She used a voice-changing app to disguise her voice by sounding masculine.

And If That Isn’t Enough…

What makes this case even crazier, is that Taylor couldn’t pregnant, even if she wanted to. Taylor worked at an OBGYN clinic in 2014, and not long after she gave birth to her son, she had her tubes tied. A subsequent and unrelated medical complication resulted in Taylor having a full hysterectomy in 2015—and other people were aware of this, like Taylor’s entire family.

In August of 2015, Taylor received care for pelvic pain and bleeding. The doctor found that Taylor suffered an ectopic pregnancy, and that she also had endometriosis. Because of the condition of her uterus, the doctor suggested a full hysterectomy for her safety and wellbeing. While Taylor was still under anesthesia, Shona allegedly gave the doctor permission to perform the hysterectomy. Taylor blamed her mother for years, but she voluntary underwent a surgery in 2014 to have her tubes tied.

This is the information her ex-husband, Tommy, relayed to Wade via text. Wade didn’t believe him.

Stay tuned for Part III, where we delve into Taylor’s financial frauds against Wade and the trouble she stirred with her own employers.

If you haven’t yet, be sure to read Part I of this case coverage, here.

Resources:

At A Glance

Name + age: Tiffany Ida Mae Valiante, 18
Date: Sunday, July 12, 2015
Location: Mays Landing, New Jersey
What happened: On the night of Sunday, July 12, 2015, 18-year-old Tiffany Ida Mae Valiante is struck by New Jersey Transit train No. 4693 just after 11 pm. Tiffany’s case is featured in episode one, season three of Netflix’s Unsolved Mysteries, because her death was ruled a suicide, but many people believe she fell victim of foul play. What do you think?


Young, athletic and driven, 18-year-old Tiffany Ida Mae Valiante of Mays Landing, New Jersey, was just weeks past her high school graduation and weeks from starting her freshman year of college, when she tragically lost her life. On the night of Sunday, July 12, 2015, just after 11 pm, Tiffany was struck by New Jersey Transit train No. 4693. The crash happened less than four miles from her childhood home, where she lived with her parents, Dianne and Stephen “Steve” Valiante.

Tiffany Valiante wears a Mercy College t-shirt, where she received a scholarship to play collegiate volleyball in the fall of 2015. Photo courtesy Valiante family.

New Jersey Transit Police Department (NJTPD) saw a scene that resembled a suicide and handled it as such. Research suggests consideration was not strongly given to the chance that Tiffany fell victim to foul play. Whether you think that matters in this case or not, depends on what you think about the presenting evidence.

Officers didn’t take proper precaution to maintain evidence. from the crash site. Multiple pieces of evidence were lost or improperly handled and later deemed unusable, and the crash site was never cleaned afterwards. While Tiffany’s paternal uncle and cousin searched for clues, they also picked up a jawbone with teeth and other bits of flesh along the train tracks; an experience that’s heartbreaking to only imagine.

Tiffany’s death came so suddenly and unexpectedly, that many are divided on whether her death was a suicide or homicide. Tiffany’s parents don’t believe their youngest daughter committed suicide and they continue to advocate on her behalf. In Unsolved Mysteries, they describe Tiffany as a happy person, and despite recent challenges, she was excited for her future.

The only other family members who appear in the Unsolved Mysteries episode are Tiffany’s parents, two of Tiffany’s paternal uncles, and one cousin on the paternal side. Neither of her half-sisters, Krystal or Jenny, participated, or any Tiffany’s friends are featured. Through internet sleuthing, I read the general consensus of Tiffany’s death amongst the Mays Landing community is that it was a suicide, which seems to be what many internet sleuths think also.

If you ask me, I’m still not really sure. I keep teetering back and forth. So, for this post, I’ll keep my 2 cents to myself!

This crime takes place here:

Mays Landing, New Jersey: a rural, unincorporated township that was home to about 2,000 residents in the summer of 2015. It is a 20-minute drive from Atlantic City, New Jersey.

Tiffany’s case is featured on Season 3, Episode 1 of Netflix’s Unsolved Mysteries, “Mystery at Mile Marker 45.” In my research, I learned that Unsolved Mysteries is notorious for leaving out information to paint a specific picture of “what happened” for viewers. That proves no different in this episode.

In this post, we’ll explore the facts on the following, for the purposes of discussion only:

  • How did Tiffany Valiante die? 
  • Was she killed beforehand? 
  • Was her body placed on the train tracks by someone else? 
  • Did she commit suicide? 

All the research sources used in this post are cited at the bottom, so you can continue on with your own research.


Sunday, July 12, 2015: Night of the Crash

Tiffany Valiante, 18, spends most of the afternoon on Sunday, July 12, 2015, at her family home. She leaves once to purchase a lemonade from a local Wawa supermarket, where she also works part-time.

At 1:56 pm, Tiffany texts a member of her college volleyball team, to ask about a college orientation scheduled for August 21, 2015. (Tiffany received a scholarship to play collegiate volleyball at Mercy College in Dobbs Ferry, New York, and in a month, she’d be attending as a freshman.)

In late afternoon, Tiffany and her parents attend her cousin’s high school graduation party at her paternal uncle’s home. Her uncle and his family lives in walking distance of the Valiante home, so they walk there together. The party has an atmosphere where guests come and go.

Tiffany Valiante on her high school graduation day. Photo from the Valiante family.

Tiffany, Dianne and Steve stay at the party until around 9 pm. Tiffany is in good spirits and behaves normally. She is seen laughing and playing on a waterslide with children at the party.

Tiffany is wearing white-washed denim shorts and a black t-shirt. Her accessories include a white sweatband-type headband and white Sanuk slip-on sneakers that she purchased recently. Her brown hair sits on her head in a messy bun.

Tiffany talks with her relatives about how she wants to decorate her dorm room. She says that she’s excited to visit Six Flags Great Adventure with friends the following day, and excited to play collegiate volleyball. She also tells them she’s adopting a kitten to keep her mother company while she’s away at school.

9 pm –

Tiffany’s best friend, who is not identified by name in most news sources, calls Dianne’s cell phone. She says Tiffany stole her debit card and used it the day before, without her permission. Dianne confronts Tiffany. Tiffany leaves the party and walks home.

On the call, Tiffany’s friend tells Dianne that she and her mother are driving to the Valiante home. Dianne tells husband Steve and they walk home together.

9:15 pm –

Tiffany’s friend and her mother arrive at the Valiante home. Tiffany adamantly denies the theft allegations and Dianne defends her daughter. Tiffany’s best friend is irritated. The suspected theft is for $86 in merchandise.

9:24 pm –

Dianne tells the friend that Tiffany will reimburse her the costs, if she did, indeed steal the car. The matter is settled for the time being, and Tiffany’s best friend and her mother leave.

Tiffany and Dianne walk over to Tiffany’s car to look for the debit card. Dianne sees Tiffany sneakily slip a card into her pocket and, caught in plain sight, she admits she stole the card. However, she also says that it’s not uncommon for the girls to use each other’s debit cards on occasion. Tiffany explains that she recently had to use her debit card to purchase food and other items for her best friend, because she was intoxicated.

It’s believed that Tiffany used the card to purchase the white Sanuk slip-ons she wore that night.

9:28 pm –

Tiffany and her mother argue. Dianne enters the home to tell Steve about the theft, and Tiffany walks off. 

When she disappears, Tiffany’s family thinks she’s playing a joke because of her nyctophobia, or her intense and debilitating fear of the dark. As their worries grow, they start searching the nearby woods.

One final ominous image of Tiffany is captured by a deer camera on the property.

The last photograph taken of Tiffany Valiante by a deer camera on the Valiante property, a few hours before she was hit by a train less than four miles from her house. Photograph courtesy Valiante Family.

When Dianne and Steve come back outside a minute later, Tiffany is gone.

10:07 pm – 11:08 pm:

Eight people text Tiffany to ask where she is. This includes two texts from the friend she stole from, which read, “Tiff answer me I love you” and “Tiff I love you more than anything please answer me.”

How did all these people know she was missing if she’d only been gone for a half-hour?
Did she sent out alarming texts that caused eight people to text her with worry?
Did they know/believe she wasn’t in good place, mentally?
Had she exhibited similar behaviors before?

– At 10:23 pm and again at 10:42 pm

Data usage on Tiffany’s phone indicates someone was likely using an app.

– At 10:39 pm

Tiffany’s phone receives and answers a call from her best friend. The phone call lasts 24 seconds.

11 pm –

Tiffany’s father finds her cell phone a few feet from the end of their driveway.

11:07 pm –

Tiffany is struck by New Jersey Transit Train No. 4693. This train is not initially scheduled, but is heading to pick up passengers in Atlantic City, whose train was currently disabled.

The only witnesses are student engineer Marvin Olivares, who had about a year of experience, and senior engineer Wayne Daniels. Marvin operates the train, which is traveling 80 mph southbound from Philadelphia to Atlantic City, when Wayne Daniels steps away to discuss the plan for the disabled train with the lead conductor. About 60 passengers and crew are on board.

At exactly 11:07 pm, Tiffany’s body makes contact with the train. She predominately collides with bottom-left of the front of the train. Her body is dragged underneath for a quarter mile until the train comes to a complete stop. 

In days to come, Marvin changes his story three times. First, he says Tiffany “darted out” of the woods and onto the tracks when she was hit. Then, he says he didn’t see Tiffany on the tracks until the train was overtop her. Third, he says, under oath, six days after the crash, that he first saw Tiffany about a half-mile away, crouching along the tracks. When the train came, she stood up and dove in front of it. This final version is the one that was accepted by investigators; that Tiffany stood on the tracks.

The changing stories are believed to be due to trauma.

According to the train’s “black box,” which records all activity—the train’s speed, distance traveled, time of day, use of the braking system, light and horn activation, etc.— neither of them rang the horn.

The train itself indicates that Tiffany’s body collided mostly with the bottom-left area.

Unsolved Mysteries: Volume 3. Photo Credit: Netflix © 2022
11:30 pm –

Tiffany’s family members start to search for her and contact police to file a missing person’s report.

On a hunch, Tiffany’s paternal uncle, Michael Valiente, who is also a police officer, drives toward a train crossing when he sees flashing police lights. He approaches the scene. He is later asked to identify a body, which he confirms is Tiffany.

Midnight on July 13, 2015 –

Tiffany is pronounced dead by nurse practitioner Michelle Amendolia, who is on scene.

2:30 am –

Tiffany’s uncle Michael Valiente notifies the family of her death, but they are not informed of it being a suspected suicide. It wouldn’t be until later that morning, when the Valiante’s read an article in the local paper, that they learned suicide was suspected.


Backtrack to Better Understand: Who Was Tiffany Valiante?

Tiffany Ida Mae Valiante was born on March 3, 1997, to Dianne and Stephen Valiante. 

Stephen Valiante, Tiffany Valiante and Dianne Valiante. Photo courtesy the Valiante Family.

Dianne and Stephen meet and begin dating in 1989. They marry soon after. Dianne has two daughters from a previous relationship, Krystal and Jessica. The family of four settle in Mays Landing, New Jersey, a small, rural, unincorporated community home to about 2,000 folks in 2015. At the time of Tiffany’s passing, Dianne worked as an administrative assistant for the local public school district and Steve was a maintenance worker for the State of New Jersey.

Because of its size, Mays Landing—which spans about six square miles—is the type of town where everyone knows each other. Only a 20-minute drive from Atlantic City, folks there grow up close to the beach and visit the coast often. The town has a lot of greenery and dense forestland.

Dianne becomes pregnant with Tiffany eight years after her and Steve get together; the pregnancy is a surprise. Dianne and Stephen didn’t plan on having a child of their own, but when Tiffany arrives, they are ecstatic to welcome their youngest daughter.

As the baby of the family and nearly a decade younger than her older half-sisters, Tiffany’s parents and sisters dote on her. She develops an interest in sports and begins playing softball, later switching to volleyball, which she loves and excels in. In high school, Tiffany plays middle hitter and because of her skill—and also her height, as Tiffany was 6’2″—she is recruited to play collegiate volleyball by five different colleges, and offered scholarships to do so.

During Tiffany’s high school years, her home life and the relationship she shares with her parents, especially her mother, grow strained. Tiffany and Dianne fight often. By 2014, problems escalate to a concerning level. Now a senior at Oakcrest High School, Child Protective Services (CPS) visits Tiffany’s home three times that year and the social worker determines she and Dianne have “trouble communicating.” Counseling is recommended.

Tiffany and Dianne have their first and only therapy session on Nov. 17, 2014. Dianne tells the therapist that menopause is causing her to be short-tempered, especially with Tiffany. She expresses she is having trouble moving on from arguments with her daughter, as of late, due to her own anxiety issues, and will seek additional support if needed. During this same session, Tiffany tells the therapist she is neither depressed nor suicidal.

What prompts the CPS visits is allegedly when a teacher of of Tiffany’s sees her with a large bruise in class. This is unusual because Tiffany, who stood at 6”2’ and weighed 180 to 200 lbs., was also an athlete. As middle hitter on the school’s volleyball team, and also playing for the East Coast Crush Club, an elite girl’s travel volleyball program, injury and bruising wasn’t uncommon—but it must have been bad enough to be grounds for concern. Tiffany suffers the bruise during an argument with her mother; we aren’t sure what about. 

Two days after their first therapy visit, Tiffany’s grandfather passes away. After this, Tiffany begins to exhibit behaviors that suggest she is struggling emotionally. She starts skipping class and before Christmas she steals money from her parents’ bank account. She also starts experimenting with marijuana. 

In early 2015, about six months before her death, Tiffany comes out to her family as homosexual. Her mother allegedly does not take this news well. She likens Tiffany’s admission to a phase. Tiffany starts dating a young woman from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who she met online, but the relationship ends four days before her death. The documentary describes the breakup as “amicable,” but I don’t necessarily believe this to be true. The text messages shown in the documentary suggest Tiffany was dumped. Nonetheless, she begins communicating with a new love interest.

Tiffany chooses to attend Mercy College in Dobbs Ferry, New York, which is roughly a 2.5-hour drive from her hometown, in the fall. In just a few weeks’, she would be playing on the school’s volleyball team as middle hitter while studying criminal justice. She hoped to follow in the footsteps of her paternal uncle Michael Valiante and become a police officer.

Tiffany was already assigned a roommate for her upcoming freshman year, and they began communicating that summer.

Main Street in Mays Landing, New Jersey, taken in 2006. Photo credit Wikipedia.

Personality.

Tiffany does not have a history of mental health issues, though it’s said that she struggled with depression. In the months that preceded her death, she was said to behave different. She expressed to a classmate that she felt distant from her parents and lonely. Tiffany suffered from nyctophobia, which is an extreme fear of the dark.

Tiffany is known to be impulsive and hot-tempered, and she struggled with feelings of not fitting in. Her friends told investigators that she self-harmed before. There was never any mention of suicide and Tiffany’s parents don’t believe these allegations.

Tiffany is also described as funny, caring, upbeat and athletic. She loved her family and had a close relationship with her nieces and nephews. 


Treatment of the Crash Site and Evidence

Police locate Tiffany’s body at mile marker 45 in Galloway Township, almost four miles into the dark, dense woods. She is wearing a sports bra and a pair of underwear. She is no longer wearing sneakers, a headband or white-washed denim shorts. She is still wearing a black t-shirt, but it is reduced to a mangled condition. 

There is a lot of scrutiny about her shorts, but it’s possible they were destroyed during the accident. The train was traveling 80 mph.

Tiffany’s Sanuk slip-on shoes and headband are recovered by Dianne at a later date about a mile from the Valiante home. The shoes are positioned in a way that suggests Tiffany stepped out of them, one by one. The shoes are located along the tree line where they are visible from the road. 

There is also scrutiny concerning the soles of Tiffany’s feet. Because of the intensity of the crash and the way Tiffany’s body collided with the train, her hands and feet were severed. Her feet are said to be void of cuts or scrapes, though they appear muddy in the image shown on Unsolved Mysteries, but this is expected, as dirt surrounds the train tracks.

Stephen Valiante, Tiffany Valiante and Dianne Valiente. Photo from the Valiante family.

I didn’t get a close-enough look at the soles of her feet to determine if they looked “clean” or not, but the pathway she is believed to have walked is bumpy and speckled with jagged rocks, broken glass and other sharp debris.

There is a large pool of dark blood at the crash site, which may suggest she was killed and then subsequently placed on the tracks. Due to the speed and nature of a suicide-by-train, it’s more likely for the blood to splatter rather than pool in one location. What do you think about this?

A toxicology report revealed there were no drugs or alcohol in Tiffany’s system. A psychological autopsy, which is an analysis done after a person’s death to understand their prior mental state, was not conducted, and neither was a rape kit.

In the midst of emotions, Tiffany’s family chose to have her body cremated, which they now regret.

A bloodhound is brought in four days later to trace Tiffany’s scent, which it does—from her house and up to the crash site. It takes the bloodhound one hour and 10 minutes to walk the 3.2-mile distance. If Tiffany entered a car, the scent would have been lost. The area also saw two heavy rainstorms in the days that followed, which made containment of evidence more difficult. Nonetheless, the bloodhound never lost her scent.

The police officer who was led by the bloodhound took extra caution to ensure he did not influence the police dog in any way.

Evidence

Tiffany’s Cell Phone.

  • Found by Steven at the end of the Valiante driveway
  • Believed to be dropped or thrown a few feet from the the end of the driveway
  • Suicide theory suggests Tiffany threw the phone in anger, upset that everyone was texting her about the debit card theft
  • Homicide theory suggests Tiffany was picked up and the perpetrator threw her phone out the window
  • Shows that at 10:29 pm, someone picked up a phone call from Tiffany’s best friend that lasted 24 seconds
  • Data usage indicates activity on the phone at 10:23 pm and 10:42 pm, suggesting that someone is using an app

Tiffany’s Black T-shirt.

Due to the NJTP’s poor job of handling evidence, the t-shirt Tiffany is wearing the night of her death is not stored and labeled properly. As a result, it grows mold and is deemed unusable for DNA testing.   

Tiffany’s Shoes & Headband.

  • Found along the roadway by Dianne about a mile from the Valiante home
  • Suicide theory suggests Tiffany stepped out of the shoes, which were white Sanuk slip-ons, because they were new and stiff, and thus caused blisters. Tiffany purchased the shoes the day before, so they weren’t broken in. She may have also left them there to indicate her whereabouts.
    • Murder theory suggests Tiffany was picked up out of her shoes, as Dianne suggests in Unsolved Mysteries, and that she held onto a nearby tree (which looked to be rather flimsy?) to prevent the perpetrators from dragging her
  • Collected as evidence, but the chain of custody was broken, so the shoes were unusable as evidence

Lost Evidence.

When Dianne found Tiffany’s shoes and headband, she also discovered a light grey Wilkes University sweatshirt and a keychain next to her shoes and headband, which she doesn’t recognize as belonging to her daughter. The keychain was a key tag for a rental car: a Black Mercedes GLK 250 2015 model. Both items were given to investigators, who misplaced the keychain before they could investigate it. 

bloody ax was also found in a nearby makeshift encampment not far from the accident site. It was also collected for evidence and subsequently lost. 


A Situation Overheard

The manager of a local Wawa spoke with investigators in November 2016, to say he overheard a group of three teenage boys who worked there, talking about what happened to Tiffany. In their account, they said she was kidnapped and held at gunpoint, forced to strip down to her underwear and then humiliated, after which she was driven to the train tracks by the perpetrators. This manager since received death threats for his report. 

The teens allegedly told the manager that after arguing with her friend about the debit card, a call was placed to an unidentified male, who picked up Tiffany in a truck and led her to her death. Tiffany was supposedly picked up in a vehicle. Ultimately, there wasn’t enough evidence to present to a jury.


Status of the Case

None of Tiffany’s friends have come forward to speak about the case publicly, and neither have her two older half-siblings, who also weren’t in the documentary.

Initially, Dianne and Stephen Valiante accepted the ruling of a suicide, because they didn’t know what to do or where to turn. They agreed to have their daughter cremated after her death, which reduced their chances even more of collecting evidence from Tiffany’s body.

Statistically, less than 1% of suicides in the U.S. are committed by way of the rail system.

The Valiante’s took New Jersey Transit to court, as represented by family attorney Paul D’Amato, and in 2017, NJT agreed to open investigative records with the goal to change the cause of death from suicide to “undetermined.” Doing so would permit police to reopen the investigation into Tiffany’s death.

In March 2018, New Jersey State Medical Examiner Andrew Falzon chose to leave the cause of death as suicide, which is what it remains today.

The Valiante family increased their reward from $20,000 to $40,000 for information leading to what happened to Tiffany on the night of Sunday, July 12, 2015.


Interesting Points of Discussion:

It’s important to note that around the time of Tiffany’s deal, here is all that she was dealing with:

  • She is 18 years old and still a teenager. She is dealing with the emotions-feelings of this phase of growth, coupled with feelings of overwhelm to begin college and start anew someplace new
  • She came out as gay to family and her mother was not fully accepting; she also lived in a small town where it’s typical for community members to know each other’s business and chitchat often
  • She was in a relationship that ended days before, and it seemed Tiffany was dumped
  • She was caught stealing from a friend right before she died
  • She was supposedly depressed and had difficulty fitting in
  • She didn’t feel safe to express / communicate herself at home and felt judged 
  • She was tall for a female, which placed attention on her even if she didn’t want it

It’s Also Important to Consider:

  • Tiffany had an intense fear of the dark, and the walk to the train tracks would have required her to navigate in the pitch black darkness, without a phone or flashlight, and without the moon illuminating overhead, for nearly four miles. Even people without a classified fear of the dark wouldn’t do something like this. Doing so would be absurd.
  • Tiffany had bruising on her knuckles, though it’s uncertain as to whether it happened before or during the crash
  • Tiffany had been gone from her home for one hour (1) and 50 minutes by the time she was struck by the train
  • Someone was using Tiffany’s cell phone, and spoke with her best friend, when it was supposedly sitting near the end of the driveway
  • No witnesses reported seeing Tiffany walking alongside the road, and she wasn’t caught on surveillance captured by local businesses. Also note here that she lived a small town and was easily spotted because of her height

Resources

At A Glance

Name(s) of victim(s) + age(s): Linda Rae Fitzpatrick, 18, and James Leroy Hutchinson, aka “Groovy,” 24
Date(s) of crime(s): Sunday, October 8, 1967
Location of crime(s): East Village, New York
Perpetrator(s)s: Donald Ramsey, 26; Thomas Dennis, 26; and Fred Wright, 31
Relationship to victim(s)s: customers of James, who was a drug-dealer
Crime(s) in sum: 
Linda Baker, a shy, 18-year-old young woman from ritzy Greenwich, Connecticut, ditched her plans for school to move to New York’s East Village and paint—that’s what she told her family, at least. It was 1967 and Linda immersed herself in a hippie lifestyle and drug culture that brought her to panhandling on the streets of New York, and eventually led to her early demise.


Everyone thought of Linda Fitzpatrick as “the good girl.” Raised in a wealthy family in upscale Greenwich, Connecticut, 18-year-old Linda had enjoyed a privileged upbringing.

She was shy and reserved but excelled as a student and showed creative promise as an artist. Linda was also a skilled athlete, known to prefer talking about sports over socializing and dancing, like most of her peers.

Linda was born and raised in Greenwich, some 30 miles outside of New York City and known as one of the wealthiest cities in the U.S. Located in Fairfield County, growing up in Greenwich in the ’60s was picturesque for Linda. The time was one of the Vietnam War and Beatlemania, transformation and liberation—and gas cost just $0.25 a gallon(Imagine that?)

Linda Fitzpatrick. Photo credit: NY Daily News.

To her friends and family, Linda, who they adoringly called “Fitzpoo,” was creative, spirited and talented. She wasn’t known to make impulsive, rash choices, and stayed in the parameters of the rules at school. You can only imagine the shock that followed when on Sunday, October 8, 1967, Linda was found dead in a boiler room in New York’s East Village. She laid naked next to the body of 24-year-old James L. Hutchinson, a local drug-dealer nicknamed “Groovy,” also naked, both of them on an old cot. Their heads had been bashed in with bricks and they suffered brutal deaths. 

Linda’s parents and friends Greenwich were clueless. Linda was living in New York’s East Village for 10 weeks. She told her friends and family that she moved there to pursue work as a painter, and she was living with a female roommate at a “nice hotel.” But it turns out, this picturesque version Linda created to put her family and friends at ease wasn’t accurate at all. Linda was living a life of the exact opposite, and a wild one at that.


Painting A Picture Of New York In The ’60s

Young, finally legal (the drinking age was 18 then) and without adult supervision, Linda moved to New York and specifically to the East Village at a time when it was seedy and gritty. Crime was at an all-time high and many New Yorkers feared the city was out of control. (Just to avoid confusion here, East Village is an area located within Greenwich Village on the west side of Lower Manhattan.)

To paint a picture for you as to how different Linda’s “lives” were, I’ll have to describe the scene of New York’s East Village in the 1960s. The East Village was something of a go-to destination for people creating, wandering or soul-searching, or those who simply wanted to experiment with drugs and live a nomadic lifestyle. Area drug culture flourished and hallucinogens, like LSD and acid, as well as marijuana, were especially popular. Mostly everyone who lived in or visited this area was using substances at this time. Most, if not all, of the local bars, nightclubs and shops there were owned by organized crime families. 


New York’s East Village in the ’60s. Photo credit: The New York Times.

The migration of this niche group of people into the East Village was inspired by the Beatniks, or the Beat Generation; a stereotype created by the media and used from the late ’40s to the mid-1960s to reference the anti-conformist literary movement taking place among writers born between 1928 and 1945. Popular beatnik writers included Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and William S. Burroughs, who were all known to visit and occasionally live in the East Village. Themes in beatnik writing included pseudo-intellectualism, drug use and the depiction of people in a cartoonish way.

At this time, TV, internet and social media obviously weren’t relevant, so those setting the “trends” and adding the “shock factor,” media-wise, were often writers. 

New York’s East Village today. Photo credit: Loving-NewYork.com

Plus, it was much cheaper to afford rent there.

Now, like anything else in the U.S. and in New York City, especially, the East Village is a costly place to live. According to Zumper, an online rental marketplace, the average cost of rent for a one-bedroom apartment is $3,800, up 34% from 2021. (Yikes.) In the 1960s, rent here was about $200 a month.

At the same time, the United States as a whole embraced a hippie culture. Tie-dye, lava lamps, flower power, smiley faces, psychedelic art and peace signs were all popular. In 1967, Americans celebrated the Summer of Love and hippies flocked to urban communities and cities to dance, experiment with drugs, sleep in parks and do whatever they wanted to feel liberated. (In attendance was the infamous cult leader Charles Manson.) Antiwar protests and political mayhem were the norm. People wore bright colors and women donned unbelievably short skirts and mini dresses with go-go boots. Everyone wore bell bottoms. 

Linda absorbed into the underbelly of the East Village (which probably wasn’t hard considering her age and the times). She partied with hippies and essentially became one. She spent nights on end tripping on acid and was known to give LSD to people she didn’t know. When she felt inspired, she created psychedelic art. When she felt tired, she passed out wherever she was. Life was a party for 18-year-old Linda.

A photo from the 1967 Summer of Love in New York. Photo credit: 6sqft.com.

Being exposed to so much temptation that she was totally shielded from in Greenwich, Linda embraced it, and perhaps too much. But I’m sure we can all agree that she had no idea it would lead to such a devasting and early end.


Linda Fitzpatrick, Pre-New York

Linda’s upbringing was stable, structured and designed to lead to a promising future. She was raised in a 30-room mansion on Doubling Road in Greenwich, a mile from Greenwich Country Day School, a private school she attended as a child. 

She stood out as an athlete at a young age. In field hockey, Linda earned the position of center-forward on the Stuyvesant Team, which consisted of female field hockey players all from Fairfield County, Connecticut, and she received awards for horse-riding and swimming. Around age 14, she went on to attend Oldfields School, an all-girls private school in Glencoe, Maryland. 

Linda kept to herself. She was more interested in talking about painting and sports than she was in socializing and dancing. Her favorite colors were red and white, a pattern reminiscent of candy canes, and her room at home was decorated as such. She was blonde and pretty, though an article by The New York Times describes Linda as the less-attractive out of her older sister, Cindy, and her mother, Dorothy Ann Rush, who was a model and covergirl in her thirties.

Before Linda left for New York, she spent the last few months at home as she normally would. In the middle of June she returned home for the summer from Oldfields School, where she was elected art editor of the yearbook. After a few weeks in Greenwich, Linda and her family vacationed in Bermuda for a month. 

Linda’s family was blended and included her mother, Dorothy Ann Fitzpatrick, and her father, Irving Fitzpatrick, a spice importer, and their seven children. There was Linda and her sister, 9-year-old Melissa, or “Missy,” from Dorothy Anny and Irving. Then, there was Perry, 32; Robert, 30; Carol, 27; and David, 25, all Linda’s half-siblings from her father’s first marriage, which ended in divorce. There was also Linda’s older, half-sister Cindy, from Dorothy Ann’s first marriage, which also ended in divorce. On the Bermuda trip were Linda’s parents and sisters Missy and Cindy, and Cindy’s husband. The family returned to Greenwich on July 31.

East Village, New York, where this case takes place.

While Dorothy Ann told The New York Times about a Bermuda trip of family-fun in the island’s crystal sands and clean beaches, Linda told her friends in the East Village something. According to Susan Robinson, who is described by The New York Times as a “small, shy hippie” who ran away from her home in Cape Code, Massachusetts, a year prior, Linda told her that she took LSD and smoked marijuana several times in Bermuda. 

Linda met Susan and her husband, David Robinson, sometime in early August 1967, when Linda was in the East Village. At the time, Susan and David’s two-bedroom apartment served as a flophouse of sorts for homeless, wandering hippies. Susan said one day, Linda came to the apartment with a man named “Pigeon,” who she bought acid for. They stayed for a few hours and then left. A few nights later, she returned with a man from Boston, who she also gave LSD to. Susan said that on weekends, Linda carried an extra $30-$40 in her pocket so she could buy acid for anyone who wanted some. 


A Change Of Plans

Another image of New York’s East Village in the 1960s. Photo credit: The New York Times.

Eleven days were left until Linda would return to Oldfields School. Her mother took her shopping and bought her a brand-new wardrobe. She also took Linda to get a haircut; something she didn’t want but agreed to. With her hair now short, Linda went to New York on Friday, September 1, 1967, and stayed overnight. When she returned to Greenwich the next day, she told her family that she no longer wanted to attend Oldfields School. She wanted to move to the East Village and paint instead.

The proclamation came at a time when Linda was at a standstill. The school already set up special courses for her to take because she’d taken everything. Linda protested that she couldn’t bear the idea of returning to school if her favorite teachers weren’t there, and her favorite teachers were, indeed, away in Europe.

That Sunday night, Linda’s parents reluctantly gave her permission to move to the East Village. That was the last time any of them saw her.

“After all, Linda’s whole life was art,” Dorothy Ann Fitzpatrick told The New York Times. “She had a burning desire to be something in the art world. I knew how she felt. I wanted to be a dancer or an artist when I was young, too.”

Linda told them not to worry, because that she already arranged her living situation. She said she was going to live at the Village Plaza Hotel, a historical, eight-story building built in 1915. Linda mentioned a doorman and a TV in her room, and that she’d be living with a female roommate, 22-year-old Paula Bush, who came from a good family and worked as a receptionist. They believed her. 


All Lies And No Truth

Linda said she moved in with Paula Bush, but Paula Bush didn’t exist. There also wasn’t a doorman or a TV, unless you were willing to rent one, and the place was dull, dingy and run-down. The hallways reeked of marijuana and the elevator was out of order more often than it worked. 

The Village Plaza Hotel in the East Village. Photo credit: WalterGrutchfield.net

Realistically, Linda moved in with a man named Paul Bush and another male roommate Bob Brumberger; two hippies she met a month before and barely knew. Paul, 19, was from Holly, Michigan, and he was the son of a TV repairman. The New York Times wrote that his friends described him as “a real drifter, a way-out hippie.” Around his neck, he wore some sort of a lizard fixture that he called Lyndon. Bob was from New Jersey.

Paul met Linda at the Robinson’s apartment between August 18-19, 1967, and agreed to be her roommate, and that he would let Bob know. Linda told Paul about her plan to tell her parents she was living with “Paula.”

Linda paid the whole month’s rent, $120, upfront. The front clerk said Linda always had grungy, hippie men coming into the room, No. 504, at all hours of the day and night. 

Linda reassured her parents by telling them she was hired to create posters for “Poster Bazaar” and earned $80 a week doing so; the equivalent of $690 a week today. This was hardly true. The store wasn’t called Poster Bazaar, but Fred Leighton’s Mexican Imports, Ltd.. Linda worked there for three days, earning $2 an hour selling dresses. She was there from Sept. 11-13, 1967, after which she was fired for coming in late. When she was let go, she asked the manager not to tell her parents if they called. 

At this point, Linda, a young girl from a wealthy Greenwich family, started panhandling in Washington Square Park to support herself. Her mother also gave her money from time to time to help her out. 

A week or so after moving in with Linda, Paul and Bob moved out and another roommate moved in, this time a tall, thin, hippie with a long beard identified as “Ed,” and who was also known to frequent the Robinson’s. After Ed moved out, James Leroy Hutchinson, aka “Groovy,” moved in, and that’s where Linda’s story soon ends.


Surfacing Concerns

Susan Robinson recalled Linda feared she was been pregnant and worried about the effects of LSD on pregnancy, since she took the drug so often. She said they spoke about the topic a lot.  

At the same time, while living a very hippie-like lifestyle, Linda kept up appearances with her family. She spoke on the phone with her father, who expressed his disdain for San Francisco hippies, and she even agreed with him. 

Now, things start to get a bit sporadic.

During the first week of October, Linda’s parents received a postcard sent from Knightstown, Indiana, a small town 30 miles east of Indianapolis. The card, from Linda, read, “I’m on my way to see Bob. Offered a good job painting posters in Berkeley. I love you. I will send you a poster. Love, Linda.” (Bob is Linda’s stepbrother, who was a Los Angeles-based lawyer.) This same week, a woman who identified herself as Linda called Bob’s office in LA, but was informed he was in San Francisco. She never called again. 

Susan also saw Linda on October 1, 1967, and that day Linda told Susan she had two warlocks, or male witches, waiting for her in California and she had to bring them back to New York. A comment like this seems bizarre, but Susan said Linda often referred to herself as a witch.

“Linda told me several times she was a witch,” Susan Robinson told The New York Times. “She said she had discovered this one day when she was sitting on a bench and wished she had some money. Three dollar bills floated down from heaven.”

“Linda told me she met these two warlocks out there and that they could snap their fingers and make light bulbs pop,” Susan said. “She said one of the warlocks took her mind apart and scattered it all over the room and then put it together again. Ever since, she said, she felt the warlock owned her.”

Another encounter was recounted by a man who referred to himself as “Pepsi,” and who met Linda that summer. He said he was one of the people who drove Linda from Indianapolis to the East Village. A self-proclaimed warlock, Pepsi was in his 20s and had long, sandy hair, a scruffy beard and tattooed arms, and wore wire-rimmed glasses and long, suede, Indian boots.

Pepsi said that him and his friend met Linda in a club in Indianapolis called the Glory Hole. “You could see right away she was a real meth monster—that’s my name for a speed freak, somebody hooked on speed,” he told The New York Times. The last time Pepsi saw Linda was at 10 pm on the night of October 8, a few hours before they were found dead. Pepsi told investigators that Groovy and Linda were high and that Linda told him she took a grain-and-a-half of speed.


Enter James L. Hutchinson, aka ‘Groovy’

James L. Hutchinson, aka Groovy. Photo credit: Gothamist.

James L. Hutchinson, 24, was from Pawtucket, Rhode Island. His mother Esther Hutchison and her family was Portuguese, and he was greatly influenced by them in his life, though he grew up without his father. James’s mother was one of 14 children and he had many aunts, uncles and cousins. James was one of five children by Esther; he had an older brother, George Carbary, who was adopted as an infant, and three siblings from a subsequent marriage. He had a relationship with all of them.

James received less media coverage in regards to the case than Linda did, and we can unfortunately assume why. Linda came from a privileged background and James was regarded as a drifter who was tattooed, unkempt and without direction—but he was more than that. He had a story, too.

In 1951, James’s family was living in Central Falls, Rhode Island, when James started first grade at Kendall Street School, now Captain G. Harold Hunt Elementary School, also in Central Falls. It was the following year, when he was in first grade, that James started having problems with learning. He repeated first grade and then moved again to Pawtucket, Rhode Island and again changed schools. He continued to underachieve.

Moving back to Central Falls in 1956, James was placed into a special “ungraded class” that taught students at their pace and didn’t place them in regular classrooms until they caught up. James remained in that class for five years.   

“Jimmy, poor Jimmy, was emotionally disturbed, a badly upset boy—and that came out in a severe reading problem as well as some behavioral problems,” Sara Kerr, principal and school psychologist at the Hadley Avenue School, where James attended school, told Esquire. “He had no motivation, no desire to learn and he was always disturbing the classes. I never found any meanness in him. We had some kids who killed flies and tortured them. Jimmy never did anything like that. He was just clowning. But the teachers couldn’t put up with his capers so they’d send him to me.”

Nonetheless, James was always impeccably dressed.

The teachers at the Hadley Avenue School tried to provide James with whatever supports he needed, but as he grew bigger than the other students and more aggressive, his behavior continued to escalate and a new solution was needed. The solution was to send James to Central Falls Trade School, but first he was to complete outpatient psychiatric treatment at Butler Hospital, a psychiatric hospital in Providence, Rhode Island. He bounced in and out of treatment for the next year.

During James’s second year at Hadley Avenue School, he met a few close friends, which became something of a small gang. James picked up nicknames left and right, like Groovy, which was given to him by a casual friend in New Orleans,. Other nicknames for James included “Jungle Jim,” given to him after he cut another kid with a machete; “Gander,” “because he used to goose guys”; and Steve Ribs, borne from a funny moment when he laid overtop something, exposing his ribs, and let out a Tarzan-esque yell. One night he gave himself the nickname Rock Hutchinson.

To his friends, James was funny. Better yet, he was hilarious. He was the type of person who went under the radar for a few days only to appear somewhere suddenly, ready to do something outrageous. He was impulsive and rowdy, and he loved drinking Ruppert’s beer, the most-popular beer at the time. He also had a childlike innocence and happiness about life, which may or may not have been influenced by his drugs use.

Ernie St. Angelo, one of James’ closest friends, told Esquire, “Sure, he was a clown. He was half-clown, half-nut and all hot. Why did he act that way? I don’t know. Maybe down deep he might have thought he was really a fool. He probably was hiding something, a bad feeling inside, a feeling that no one really liked him cause he was a fool. So he was going to be a bigger fool than even they thought.”


Looking Deeper Into Groovy’s Recent Past

James’s mother, Esther, tried her best. She stopped working in jewelry factories, which she did to support her family for many years, and was now collecting Aid to Dependent Children. Together with James and his other siblings, they lived in a cramped, five-room apartment on the third floor of a building in Central Falls, Rhode Island. James had his own room, which he decorated with posters of Elvis Presley and James Brown, and adorned with model cars, music records, handmade model airplanes and comic books.

James often babysat his younger sister Brenda and Esther said he never spoke about the hippie lifestyle at home. In fact, he was always so clean cut and well dressed, that she couldn’t imagine him living that way and with that mentality.. She also told Esquire that James was happy.

Fast forward a few years and after working for a short time for Tappet Screw Company in Central Falls, now Eastern Screw Co., a screw and fastener supplier in Cranston, James was now with the New England Paper Tube Co., a paper distributor in Pawtucket. He had a reputation for being a hard-worker.

In 1966, at the age of 20, James became a baler, working days and into the nights. He invested all his earnings, which amounted to $87 a week, equivalent to $772 a week today, into a credit union. His first goal was to purchase a car and then a motorcycle. Both vehicles were totaled shortly after he purchased them. 

James did his best to stay out of trouble but he ran into trouble nonetheless. As a result, he expressed a desire to leave Central Falls for a good while. In April 1966, he told his older brother George that he was leaving. James withdrew all his money from the credit union and purchased a car with Dave Quebec, one of his closest friends. He packed a small suitcase with a few outfits and gave his record player and record collection to his Brenda. He set April 22, 1966, as his last day at the New England Paper Tube Co. and then drove to New York with Dave. He sent a postcard to his mother to let her know they arrived safely.


While In New York…

Not long after James and Dave arrived in New York, they found work for a traveling carnival, known as Amusements of America, a Manalapan Township, New Jersey, company that tours throughout the Eastern Seaboard with rides like merry-go-rounds and Ferris wheels. On different occasions, James told his brother that he helped disassemble tents and sold tickets to a freak show. It’s unknown as to what his position was, but he may have been an on-hand helper or maintenance worker.

An Amusements of America carnival. Photo credit: AmusementsOfAmerica.com

Over the next few months, James sent postcards to his mother from random places. One came from Hagerstown, Maryland, and another from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and then back and forth between New Jersey and New York, and then one from Ottawa, Canada. When he returned to the U.S., James stopped working for that company and started with a smaller carnival that ran out of Miami, Florida. He later sent his mother a postcard from Enfield, North Carolina. 

His last stop with the carnival was in Hollywood, Florida, after which he left to experience the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, on his own. He continued sending his mother postcards. James stayed in New Orleans for a bit, working odd jobs and hoping to pick up work for another carnival. During that time, he let loose and had fun, meeting friends, getting at least four new tattoos and acquiring a newfound methamphetamine addiction. He was known for being a “wino” back home in Central Falls, a friend, identified as Galahad, told Esquire, and was known to occasionally sniff glue. By then, James was taking LSD regularly.

A photo of the Peace Eye Bookstore in 1968. Photo credit: The Fugs.

Not too long after, the pair hitchhiked back to New York, which took them about a week. They arrived in the Big Apple on April 1, 1967, and ran to into other young people who were high on LSD. James and Galahad asked the young people where they should go, and they directed James and Dave to The Peace Eye, a hippie-esque bookstore in the East Village. James and Galahad headed there and remained in the East Village where they wandered about for a few weeks.

A Crash Pad ‘Business’

James told Galahad that he wanted to open a “crash pad,” or a place where homeless people could squat, or spend the night. The pair met a young woman who was living in an apartment with her boyfriend, and allowed them to use the space so long as they paid the $35-per-month rent. For the next three months, Esquire said it was “as the most renowned of the East Village’s crash pads, where the homeless and the friendless could stay as long as they’d liked.”

It all worked out at first. James and Galahad even returned runaway children who escaped to the crash pad from time to time. They received money or valuables, like a TV, from the children’s parents. More often, however, there were 20 to 30 hippies staying there at any given time. Curiously, there was always a policeman or two in the group. Officers were appointed to remain watchful of the crash pad because of the amount of problems it caused in the area.

A lot of chaos came with the crash pad, as police raids happened often and vagrants were sought there. Nonetheless, Groovy stayed positive. He was always happy and upbeat, still in a childlike way. He gave away items on the street to those who needed them, including drugs, especially LSD, speed or marijuana. In the the summer of 1967 he left for Woodstock, where he stayed for about a month, sleeping in fields and barns with his friends. Unsurprisingly, James did a short a jail stint for trespassing. James returned home, having hitchhiked back to New York again, and spoke of starting a secluded commune up north.

James was still doin a lot methamphetamine. He was skinny as ever and his face was sunken in, and he became increasingly more frantic. He was always coming and going, but could never stay put.

It was at this vulnerable point for them both that James Hutchinson and Linda Baker crossed paths.


When Linda Met James

Linda and James were both addicted to substances when they met. Both of them lived a vagrant lifestyle that lacked stability, and were acting in ways they normally wouldn’t. 

Media sources refer to James and Linda as “boyfriend” and “girlfriend.” She met him a month before when she moved into the city. Others said James took Linda under his wing. Acquaintances in the East Village described her as “different” and “more paranoid.” She was new and not everyone knew her yet, but everyone knew Groovy. I imagine Groovy made Linda laugh so hard that she cried..

A screenshot of a Google Maps street view of 169 Avenue B in New York’s East Village.

On Sunday, October 8, 1967, in the early-morning hours, the bodies of Linda Fitzpatrick and James L. Hutchinson were found in a boiler room at 169 Avenue B in the East Village. Both their bodies were naked and their heads had been beaten with bricks. The intensity of their murders was startling, but they weren’t in that boiler room randomly.

The boiler room where their bodies were found was a popular meeting point for drug sales. It’s suspected that James and Linda were either high on methamphetamine, or had it in their possession to take later with the intent to have sex. Perhaps they planned to do so in that boiler room, but so much will remain unknown.

There were three or four other men in the boiler room with them, according to Time magazine. Time magazine also writes that because James was a drug-dealer, the other men were most likely clients. All of them were high on methedrine, or methamphetamine, which James sold.

Subsequently, it’s possible that, under the influence of methamphetamine, which produces an intense rush with heightened, sometimes uncontrollable sexual desire as a side effect, the men also wanted to have sex with Linda and demanded to do so. If this were the case, James probably tried defending Linda and was then hit in the face with a brick taken from a wall in the boiler room. His face was crushed.

Linda was raped four times and then killed in the same way as James. Their bodies were found on the floor, but their clothing was neatly placed in a small pile in a corner of the room.


Here Come The Cults…

In late October 1967, three men were arrested for the murders of Linda Fitzpatrick and James Hutchinson. These men, all African American, were Donald Ramsey, 26; Thomas Dennis, 26; and Fred Wright, 31. Now, the fact that these men are African American wouldn’t matter in the grand scheme of things, but in this case it’s important; these men were part of a Black nationalist cult. 

Donald wore a fez, a soft, hand-woven cloth worn by the Yoruba people of West Africa. The Yoruba religion is called Ìṣẹ̀ṣẹ, which also pertains to the traditions associated with Yorùbá culture. (Note: Donald Ramsey’s actions do not reflect that of the Yoruba sect or religion.) Donald lived in an apartment on the fifth floor of the apartment building where James and Linda’s bodies were found, and the walls of his home were decorated with “Black power” posters. Donald told police that he was “flying” at the time of the murders and seeing “lights and colors.”

Fred worked as an assistant janitor in the building and lived in a small room adjacent to the basement. He possessed the keys to the cellar. Just hours before the murders, Fred was incarcerated for the rape and robbery of a woman, another hippie. Thomas, on the other hand, is described by Time magazine as a “pot-smoking wino” who was vocal about racial violence. 


What Cult Was This?

In Brooklyn, New York, in 1967, an American new religious movement was founded by Dwight York, known as Malachi Z. York, and unsurprisingly its teachings revolved around its founder. Followers comprised of Black Muslim groups, which grew larger and more widespread over time. The cult was called Nuwaubian Nation. (In doing my research, this is the only associated cult I could find with this story.)

Malachi’s teachings focused on tidbits of everything, from ancient Egypt to cryptozoology, UFO religions, conspiracy theories and Black nationalism. Dwight was ultimately arrested in May 2002 and pled guilty in 2003 to child sex abuse charges after being indicted on 197 counts of child molestation, which included sex-trafficking minors across state lines, and some of them as young as eight. 

The “Tama-Re” compound as it stood in 2002. Tama-Re is a compound in Putnam County, Georgia, referred to those in the Nuwaubian Nation as “The Golden City,” that was purchased by Dwight York. Photo credit: Wikipedia

An excerpt from a letter that Dwight wrote, which dated November 10, 2004, read:

“The Caucasian has not been chosen to lead the world. They lack true emotions in their creation. We never intended them to be peaceful. They were bred to be killers, with low reproduction levels and a short lifespan.” 

A lot went on with Nuwaubian Nation, but most of it happened after 1967, when this case took place. This attack appeared to have been a very early case of an attack from members of this cult, and one that was obviously drug-induced.

Closing Remarks

A funeral was held for James “Groovy” Hutchinson in Pawtucket, Rhose Island, where he spent his childhood. During the services, his friend, Galahad, played a song on his harmonica in James’ honor. In Greenwich, Connecticut, a funeral service was held for Linda Fitzpatrick on a chilly, fall day. She is buried in a cemetery close by where she used to horseback-ride.

An extra tidbit: In 2013, American alternative rock band Chelsea Light Moving, released a song inspired by the Groovy murders, aptly called, “Groovy & Linda.”

Thank you for reading.


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At A Glance

Name(s) of victim(s) + age(s): Joseph William Smedley II20
Date(s) of crime(s): Sunday, September 27, 2015
Location of crime(s): Indianapolis, Indiana; found deceased
Perpetrator(s): unknown
Relationship to victim(s): MA
Crimes in sum: Joseph William Smedley II, a 20-year-old multitalented college student in his sophomore year at Indiana State University, disappeared after a night watching the blood moon with his fraternity brothers. A few days later, his body was found floating in a lake close to campus. When he death was ruled a suicide, Vivianna Brenas, Joseph’s sister, felt something wasn’t right, and she continues to advocate for his case to be reopened.


Getting To Know Joseph Smedley II

It seems like there was nothing too challenging for Joseph William Smedley II. The 20-year-old Indiana University student succeeded at whatever he put his mind to.

From the time Joseph began wearing his first pair of glasses, his family called him “the little professor,” and it fit his personality. Born on March 17, 1995, Joseph, who was living in Indianapolis, Indiana, was in his sophomore year of college at Indiana University at Bloomington, about an hour away from home. He was studying biochemistry as a pre-pharmacology student and dreamt of working in pharmaceuticals to support the research and discovery of life-saving medicines. 

Joseph Smedley II. Photo credit: Justice For Joseph Facebook page.

While attending school, Joseph worked part-time as a painter and for a moving company. He was also member of the IU chapter of the Sigma Phi fraternity and lived off-campus with two of his fraternity brothers, identified only as Jake and Ben. Joseph lived in a different off-campus apartment shortly before his death, but he broke his lease to live with his fraternity brothers. It’s been said that Joseph felt pressured to make this move and it cost him $500 to break the lease. When Joseph rushed for the fraternity as a freshman, his grades slipped and he often spoke of being tired. Now in his sophomore year, his grades were on track to recover.

Joseph was born to parents Dr. Joseph Smedley Sr. and Laura Smedley. The Smedley’s divorced when Joseph was around 10 years old and he became estranged from his father. At 20 years old, Joseph hadn’t spoken to his father in about five years and he also wasn’t on good terms with his mother, who lived in the Virgin Islands. In high school, Joseph moved in with the family of a friend and he also lived with his older sister, Vivianne Bernas.

Joseph had three siblings: a younger, half-sister Gisselle, an older brother and his older sister Vivianne. He was particularly close with both sisters, especially Gisselle. Vivianne is steadfastly advocating for the reopening of Joseph’s case.

Throughout his childhood and leading up to college, Joseph expressed interests in many areas and went on to excel in them all. He was a whizz in reading and math, a skilled swimmer and martial artist, and he played sports, including soccer. In middle school Joseph joined the school band where he played the trombone and in high school he joined the school’s jazz band, recording at least one CD and participating in concerts and solo performances. Joseph loved jazz and planned to travel to New Orleans to experience the city’s historic music scene. He also joined the wrestling team in his sophomore year of high school and wrestled varsity.

At home, Joseph took up an interest in cooking and began asking family members for family recipes and to borrow cookbooks. He even had his very own chef’s hat and jacket with “Chef Joseph” embroidered on it, given to him by a friend of his father’s. 

Joseph Smedley II, right, and his sister Vivianne Bernas. Photo credit: Justice For Joseph Facebook page.

Joseph was described as a positive person to be around and a good friend to have. He was funny, determined and smart. He knew how to set goals for himself and achieve them.

So the odd manner in which Joseph’s body was found and the way the case was handled by the Bloomington Police Department suggest something different than the picture painted by investigators. Let’s dive into why that is.

Leading Up To Joseph’s Disappearance

It was Sunday, September 27, 2015, sometime between 7-8 pm, and Joseph was at a nearby restaurant, Noodles & Co., with six or so of his Sigma Phi fraternity brothers.

That night the fraternity brothers planned to observe the supermoon lunar eclipse, known as a “harvest moon” or “blood moon.” It was chilly with a low-temperature of 41-degrees Fahrenheit and it rained throughout the week, so the ground was still damp. When it was time to go, Joseph grabbed his binoculars and the young men headed out. The eclipse took place from 10:11-11:23 pm. The fraternity brothers claimed their view was obstructed by cloudy skies, so they ended the outing early. The men allegedly returned to the fraternity house—this is different from the apartment where Joseph lived—around 11 pm, which is the last time any of them saw Joseph.

From 11 pm to 4 am that night, no messages were sent or received to Joseph’s phone. Then around 4:15 am, Joseph’s sister Vivianne received a text that Joseph was “leaving the country.” The text read:

“Viv I love you. I’m leaving the country. By not telling you why I’m keeping you safe and protected. Please don’t try to contact me at this number, it won’t work. I’ll contact you once I’m set up overseas. Thank you for everything viv, i love you. And im sorry.”

It was so bizarre and out of character that Vivianne responded lightheartedly, taking it as a joke. She reminded her brother to pay for his apartment. But when Vivianne didn’t hear from him all day, she contacted Indiana University Campus Police and asked them to do a wellness check on Joseph.

Joseph promised Vivianne previously that he would handle the $500 balance she paid for him to break his apartment lease. Vivianne cosigned on the apartment, so she was responsible for paying the balance and was in the process of purchasing a home, so she wanted to maintain good-standing credit. Joseph also made plans to hang out with a female friend and attend a party with her that Thursday. There was no mention of taking a trip.

Vivianne was worried and with good reason. This wasn’t like Joseph.

The Sample Gates, the main entrance to the Indiana University Bloomington Campus. Photo credit: Wikipedia.

Joseph didn’t have a passport. He also didn’t bring anything with him. He didn’t pack his laptop, tablet or phone charger into a backpack, or throw together a bag of clothes and shoes. His jacket was still hanging where he’d left it. Everything was left as if Joseph planned to return—all except for a handwritten note asking his loved ones not to contact him. But Joseph’s loved ones don’t believe he penned this note. Vivien told WTHR that it’s not written in her brother’s handwriting. The note read:

 “Had to leave country. Don’t try to contact me via cell it won’t work. will contact you once set up overseas.”

The note was signed “Smedley,” which is what Joseph’s fraternity brothers called him, but not what his family called him. The letter was written haphazardly with the words running overtop the page lines and the style did not depict Joseph’s natural handwriting. The note also wasn’t presented to authorities for several days, which includes when the fraternity brothers were initially questioned. (If someone is missing and they left behind a note, isn’t that the first thing you want to show to investigators?) Next to the note sat a check worth the $500 Joseph owed for his housing.

Joseph was not depressed. He didn’t have a history of mental illness or suicidal attempts. He never took off and disappeared before, and it was especially odd that he contacted his sister to state he was leaving the country in the middle of the night, and then turned up deceased a few days later. Joseph’s plan, or the plan that was painted for him, didn’t add up.

Joseph Smedley II. Photo credit: Justice For Joseph Facebook page.

When campus police first responded to Vivianne, they told her they found Joseph and he was in jail on a battery charge. Startled because this was so unlike him, Vivianne followed up, only to learn that Joseph had not been arrested, but someone else by the name of John Smedley.

At the same time, Joseph’s fraternity brothers allegedly spoke about his absence amongst themselves. He wasn’t at the fraternity meeting on Saturday morning, which prompted Joseph’s roommates to go into his room to look for him; this is supposedly when they discovered the note Joseph left. On September 30, Indiana University tweeted a missing person’s poster of Joseph.

Vivianne traveled to Indianapolis to visit Joseph’s apartment and search for clues herself. She also spoke directly with his fraternity brothers, who presented her with the note. 


The Discovery 

On Friday, October 2, 2015, about five days after Joseph disappeared, two fisherman discovered a body floating in shallow water in Griffy Lake around 7 pm. The area was heavily wooded and 3.5 miles north of, or a 45-minute walk from, the main Indiana University campus. The body was identified as Joseph’s the following day.

Griffy Lake was in close proximity to Indiana University campus.

Joseph’s body was floating face-up in three feet of water. He was found wearing a backpack filled with 66 lbs. of rocks strapped to his chest. He was also wearing a school backpack on his back that contained a few papers, a laptop charger and an external hard drive. Joseph had binoculars around his neck, likely from when he went to see the blood moon. He also had on jeans and a sweater, socks and shoes, and his wallet was still in his pocket. Joseph’s cell phone was later found at another location. The autopsy revealed that Joseph had THC and alcohol in his system.

A Google Maps street view of Griffy Lake taken by John Van Norman in June 2020, the area where the body of Joseph Smedley II was found.

When Vivianne received the news of her brother’s death, she was eating at a local restaurant in town with two friends—a detective and a prosecutor—and suddenly saw police cars rushing down the street. With a sinking feeling in her chest, Vivianne called one of the detectives involved in her brother’s case, who claimed that all was fine. She then drove to Griffy Lake and observed an area blocked off with yellow police tape. She knew.

Still, detectives alleged they didn’t have any information to share with Vivianne. They later called her inquiring about dental records and if Joseph had ever been fingerprinted. Now in the company of her two friends, they tried to guide her into an understanding of what these questions insinuated. Vivianne was called down to the precinct, where she saw one of Joseph’s roommates. When she received the heartbreaking news, she was utterly shocked.


The ‘Investigation’—If You Can Call It That

The case initially stalled when the Bloomington Police Department presented the information on Joseph’s case over to his father, Joseph Smedley Sr., who Joseph was long estranged from. It was only after Joseph’s mother signed over power of attorney rights for Joseph to Vivianne that Vivienne was provided any details.

As the investigation began, investigators learned that Joseph was known to spend long hours in the library studying and doing work. However, although he signed up for his fall semester classes, Joseph’s teachers said he wasn’t attending them. (It’s unknown as to whether this detail is associated with the case.)

A map of important points on the night of September 27, 2015 into early September 28, 2015 Photo credit: Justice For Joseph Facebook page

The last pinged location of Joseph’s phone was in the Griffy Lake area. This area was also where the fraternity brothers observed the blood moon, which makes it probable that Joseph was in this general vicinity throughout the night.

However, at 4:15 am, after the unusual text was sent, Joseph’s phone pinged to the corner of Seventh and Walnut Streets, a distance that takes one hour and seven minutes to walk from Griffy Lake. Then at 4:45 am, Joseph’s phone pinged again, now around the bridge area of Griffy Lake. The locations of Joseph’s phone suggest that he (or his phone) made the trip in a half-hour, which would have been impossible without a vehicle. What’s more, is Griffy Lake is an unlit, wooded area, and the walk there is about a mile; a venture that most people wouldn’t feel comfortable walking at night and alone.

Joseph had a vehicle but it wasn’t working. Handed down to him from Vivianne, he didn’t keep up with maintaining the car and it stopped running a year earlier. These details suggest there was a vehicle involved, but it’s unknown as to whose it was.

At 6:30 am, Joseph’s cell phone pinged for the final time at North Walnut Street between Old State Road 37, which is right outside Griffy Lake. After that, it was turned off. And even though Joseph’s phone pinged in this location, scent dogs were unable to track him here. It seems more likely that Joseph wasn’t there physically, but only his phone.

Joseph’s body was found in about three feet of water. Not only was Joseph 5′ 7″ and he could have easily stood up, but he was also an excellent swimmer and would not have trouble keeping himself afloat. (These details indicate to me—a regular person with no professional legal experience, that he was either killed and then placed here, and the rocks were used to weigh down his body, or he was placed elsewhere and floated to this location. If you think this is a common-sense assumption, you’ll soon learn it’s not.)

Another stall in the case involved the mishandling of Joseph’s body. Investigators placed Joseph’s body in the body bag with his clothes on, so they never removed his clothing for evidence. It was all thrown in the bag. With precious evidence already lost due to long-term exposure to water, this discrepancy stripped the body of evidence even more.


An Unexpected Coroner’s Report

Much of the debate surrounding this case also has to do with the coroner’s report, which lists drowning as Joseph’s cause of death to drowning, unknown. Two months later, the ruling was changed to suicide by way of drowning. Monroe County Coroner Nicole Meyer also determined that no foul play was suspected in Joseph’s death.

Disagreeing with the findings, Joseph’s family hired a third-party agency to conduct another autopsy on his body. This second autopsy revealed that Joseph had bruises on his body, specifically hemorrhaging on his back, that were consistent with forcefully being held down. This second autopsy concluded that Joseph’s death was a homicide, not a suicide.

When the second autopsy was conducted, the autopsy technician tried to get in touch with the Bloomington Police Department, but received no response. There were some unknown details that would be important in determining what happened to Joseph. In an episode of the podcast, “So Mean, Allegedly,” which covered this case and featured Vivianne, she noted the backpack that was strapped to Joseph’s chest, and how it was unknown whether the backpack itself was in front or back of Joseph, and if only the straps were across his chest. This information might determine a reason for the bruising on Joseph’s back, as blood pools after death, producing a bruise-like appearance. Because of the lack of response from the Bloomington Police Department, this information cannot be confirmed. 


Where Is The Case Now? Six Years Later

In 2020, Vivianne started a petition that called for the Bloomington Police Department to reopen Joseph’s case. So far, the petition has received nearly 121,000 signatures with a goal of 150,000 signatures. Sign the petition here. Vivianne also created a GoFundMe with a goal of raising $10,000 for the family to hire a forensic pathologist to conduct a second autopsy. Although the autopsy was conducted, the forensic pathologist remains unable to finish the report until the Bloomington Police Department shares photos and additional details about how the body was found. Without this information, the report remains at a standstill.

Joseph Smedley II and his sister Vivianne Bernas. Photo from Indiana University.

Despite the family’s ongoing and tireless efforts to advocate for the truth behind Joseph’s death, investigators have yet to reopen it.

”Mr. Smedley’s cause of death was determined to be drowning by the Monroe County Coroner’s Office and the manner of death was determined to be suicide,” Public Information Officer for Bloomington Police Ryan Pedigo said in a statement. ”There is no further investigation being completed in that case.”

Vivianne continues to push for #JusticeForJoseph, but it’s been a tough road. She has had several attorneys who agreed to help and then became “spooked” and backed out. One attorney even dropped out the day before a hearing due to “conflict of interest.”

“I really hope that somebody realizes that this is a whole life,” Vivianne said in an interview with Indiana University. “You know, people go through college and they just meet a lot of people and they think this is just a person, but it’s not. He had a whole life and a family, and a huge amount of friends, and impacted so many people in the community more than anybody realized.”


My-Two-Cents Corner ↴

There are a few theories on what happened to Joseph, but there’s only one I agree with. And please note that the content in this section contains my opinion only.

The theory I believe is the one Vivianne is pushing officials to consider: that Joseph died, either accidentally or by way of force, while he was observing the blood moon with his fraternity brothers. Whether it was intentional or unintentional, as I stated, is unknown. I personally don’t have enough personal experience with fraternities or sororities to know what goes on behind closed doors there, so I can’t speak on that. But this is the outline of what I generally believe happened that night.

The second coroner’s report and the presence of Joseph in shallow water and despite him being a skilled swimmer, suggest that his death either occurred as a result of force; perhaps he was held underwater or he was hit or ambushed, which impaired his response. The 66 lbs. of rocks in the backpack fastened to Joseph’s chest seem like a poor last-minute attempt to weigh Joseph’s body down and make it possible to argue as a suicide. I don’t necessarily believe they thought he wouldn’t be discovered, as the weight wasn’t enough to submerge Joseph’s body. I don’t really know what that was about other than a measly attempt. When I think hard about this case, sometimes I even question whether there were real plans to observe the blood moon.


Here’s what I think happened that night…

A harvest moon. Photo credit: Wikipedia.

Joseph’s body indicated he had alcohol and THC in his system. I imagine this means that after Joseph and his fraternity brothers finished eating at Noodles & Co., they went back to the frat house, had a few beers and smoked some marijuana together. It was a Friday night after all. (I’m curious to know what Joseph’s pinged locations were for the entire night, not just 11 pm and after.)

When they were feeling good and relaxed, I believe they sent out for the blood moon. Something happened during this time, and I believe that a text was sent to Vivianne’s phone from an individual who wasn’t Joseph. I believe Joseph may have already been deceased by the time the text was sent.

I think signing the letter “Smedley,” being that Joseph didn’t refer to himself this way, was also a clear giveaway that he didn’t pen the note himself. As for Joseph’s cell phone, I believe it was turned off and possibly thrown or discarded somewhere so it couldn’t be used to retrieve additional evidence, like fingerprints, from the perpetrators. I think all this also explains why the text message and the note read similarly, and those who may have been present present when the text was sent and where the note was found.

My beliefs about what happened that night are based on my research on this case, but when I think about the possible motives for something like this, the conversation switches to speculation. There’s simply not enough information to prove a motive that’s based in fact, at least not one that’s present in media coverage. However, based on the details about what happened that night, I believe this was the lead-up to Joseph’s death. The fact that Joseph’s death was ultimately ruled a suicide makes me curious as to whether someone involved is connected to the Bloomington Police Department.

It’s also important to note here that the Sigma Phi chapter at Indiana University was actually suspended by the national Sigma Phi Society in 2021 through 2023 for hazing, endangering others, dishonest conduct and failure to comply with university and county directives. Considering the possibilities of what could have happened in this case, I think the chapter’s suspension speaks to the kinds of behaviors that are regular occurrences there. This could have been a situation of hazing gone too far and causing Joseph’s fatal outcome.


I think the decision to declare the death of Joseph Smedley II a suicide doesn’t make sense.

I’m not only speaking from the parameters of my own mind, but from both a statistical and human behavioral standpoint.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022 data shows that 1% of people who commit suicide do so by way of drowning, though it’s slightly more common in older adults.

As humans, we are biologically programmed with a survival instinct. We are designed to do whatever we can to survive. We have a built-in fight or flight instinct. Withstanding the physical pain associated with drowning, and forcing one’s self to do so in three feet of water where it is possible to find safety in an instant, goes against this primary instincts Further, with Joseph in a good headspace and on a positive track in general, and without a history problematic behavior, the crime doesn’t align with who he was as a person. I believe Joseph was died in the vicinity of Griffy Lake, though I’m not exactly sure how, and that his body was subsequently dumped in the lake.

Thank you for reading and please continue to advocate for the reopening of Joseph Smedley II’s case. It’s been almost seven years since this happened and there’s still no #JusticeForJoseph. Please help spread awareness on the effort to change that.


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At A Glance

Name(s) of victim(s) + age(s): Joseph McStay, 40; Summer McStay, 43; Gianni McStay, 4; Joseph Jr. McStay, 3
Date(s) of crime(s): on or around February 4, 2010
Location(s) of crimes: Fallbrook, California
Perpetrator(s): Charles “Chase” Merritt, 53
Relationship to victims: business associate
Crime(s) in sum: A family of four vanishes from their Fallbrook, California, home in 2010, and when their bodies are discovered four years later, one trusted associate is placed under the scope.


THIS CRIME TAKES PLACE HERE:

Fallbrook, California, where this crime takes place.

It was winter of 2010 in Southern California and the McStay family was together in their cozy Fallbrook home; a five-bedroom abode nestled in a quiet cul-de-sac in Avocado Vista; an area that sits at the foot of an avocado tree-covered mountain. .

The family consisted of 40-year-old Joseph McStay, a businessman and entrepreneur who owned Earth Inspired Products, a local, indoor fountain-installation company, and his wife Summer, a 43-year-old licensed real estate agent. Summer had taken time off to focus on raising their young sons, 4-year-old Gianni and 3-year-old Joseph Jr. The family also had two dogs, which included an Akita named Bear. (The other isn’t referenced by media sources.) They lived in Fallbrook, a community in northern San Diego County and 55 miles north of San Diego.

The McStay’s were known as a warm, loving family that was surrounded by loved ones and friends, but like anyone else, the couple faced personal challenges. Joseph and Summer met in 2004 and married in 2007. When they met, it was described as “love at first sight,” however, at the time of their disappearance, there was trouble brewing between the couple, which was visible in heated text messages and email exchanges.

Summer was fiery and hot-tempered and Joseph was mild-mannered. Joseph often described his father, Patrick, as one of his best friends, but Summer wasn’t close with her family. Joseph enjoyed surfing and playing soccer, and was known socially around town. He also shared a close bond with his teenage son, Jonah, from a previous relationship. He was known for keeping his promises and showing up for his loved ones. Summer had more of a shy outward demeanor and preferred to keep to herself, though she loved to shop. Ross Dress for Less was one of her favorite stores and she frequented it often.

The McStay family home in Fallbrook, California. Photo credit: Lenny Ignelzi / AP

It was the beginning of February; a pleasant time climate-wise in Fallbrook. Temperatures traditionally hover around 67-degrees Fahrenheit, bringing in days that are chilly on the coast and absent of humidity, and cool nights. 

Fallbrook, which sits 70 miles north of Tijuana, Mexico, is known as The Friendly Village. The area is riddled with avocado groves and the community celebrates an annual Avocado Festival each summer. It was a place the McStay’s were happy to be, but they were also getting used to it. The family only moved to Fallbrook from San Clemente three months earlier, around Thanksgiving weekend. On January 31, the family celebrated Joseph Jr.’s third birthday, and at the time this crime took place, they had his birthday party planned for the coming weekend.


The Disappearance

Nothing was unusual with the McStay’s, which made the investigation difficult at first.

The day before they went missing, February 3, 2010, a search was made on the family computer for how to create invitations for a child’s birthday party. Sometime that afternoon, a family friend came over to help paint (the family had recently moved into their Fallbrook home) and agreed to return a few days later to finish up. The friend interacted with Summer and the boys. Also that day, Summer used her credit card to purchase about $66 worth of educational toys from a Ross Dress for Less store in Vista.

On the afternoon of Thursday, February 4, 2010, Joseph McStay spoke to his father Patrick over the phone and said he was rushing to a lunch meeting with an employee in Rancho Cucamonga. Sometime that day Summer spoke with her sister Tracy, who recently had a baby, and made plans to visit them the following week. She also used her credit card to purchase beach bags, infant pajamas and a jacket from the same Ross Dress for Less store in Vista. She also used the home computer to search Craigslist for children’s toys.

Curiously, Summer also placed a call at 2:11 pm to an herbal medicine company to request a medication called “Anger,” even though the company didn’t sell a product that matched this description.

The McStay’s. Photo from Oxygen.

The last outgoing call made from the McStay’s home was placed at 4:25 pm to Joseph’s cell phone. Text messages continued between Joseph and Summer from 5 pm to 5:45 pm, when all communication stopped.

That night around 7:47 pm, a neighbor’s surveillance system captured what appeared to be the family’s vehicle, a mid-size SUV, specifically a white Isuzu Trooper, leaving their driveway. The camera only captured the bottom 18 inches of the vehicle, so they could not determine who was driving. Less than an hour later, a call was placed from Joseph’s cell phone to his business associate, 52-year-old Charles “Chase” Merritt,” at 8:28 pm. Chase told investigators he let the call go to voicemail because he was watching a movie. Joseph’s phone pinged a tower in Fallbrook at this time.


Over The Next Few Days…

When no one had heard from the family, loved ones desperately tried to gain contact with them, but to no avail.

On February 8, the McStay family car was found abandoned in the parking lot of a strip mall in San Ysidro, San Diego, two blocks from the Mexican border. The vehicle is believed to have been parked there between 5:30-7 pm that evening. Its location from February 4 to 8 was unknown. It was towed to an impound lot and its interior i didn’t turn up any clues. 

On February 13, Joseph’s brother, Michael McStay, grew so worried that he went to the family’s Fallbrook home to search for clues. He climbed through an open window in back of the home and still, there was no trace of them. The family dogs were left outside in the fenced backyard.

Missing persons information released on the McStay family.

It was clear to him, however, that the McStay’s left in a hurry. A carton of now-rotting eggs laid on the counter and two, now-stale, half-eaten, child-sized bowls of popcorn sat untouched in the living room. Summer’s prescription sunglasses were left on the counter.

Two days later, Michael filed a missing person’s report with the San Diego County Sheriff’s Department (SDSD). An official search of the home turned up little information.

Media speculated that the family fled to Mexico. On the family computer, searches were made for “What documents do children need for traveling to Mexico?” and information about Spanish language lessons. The International Criminal Police Organization, Interpol, was alerted to keep a lookout for the McStay family, and there was one suspected sighting, but nothing was confirmed.


Remains Are Found Four Years Later

On November 11, 2013, nearly four years after the McStay’s disappeared, a motorcyclist came upon human remains in the desert near Victorville, California. Investigators located two shallow, unmarked graves, each containing the remains of multiple bodies. Located nearby was a rusty, three-pound sledgehammer, a pair of child’s pants and a diaper. The remains were confirmed to be those of all four members of the McStay family and the site was some 100 miles north of their Fallbrook home.

Distance from Mojave Desert to Fallbrook, California.

The remains were not far from Interstate 15, which connects the area of Victorville to Las Vegas. The McStay’s deaths were ruled as homicides due to blunt-force trauma. The murders are believed to have taken place in their home and the bodies were subsequently brought to this site and dumped. It was later determined that Summer may have been raped prior to her murder, as her pants were found discarded near her head and her underwear was tucked into her pants. Her bra was also damaged in a way that suggests it was cut off.

Almost a year after the McStay’s remains were found, Charles “Chase” Merritt, a metal worker and business associate of Joseph McStay’s, was arrested and charged for the murders of Joseph, Summer, Gianni and Joseph Jr. McStay. On January 21, 2020, Chase was sentenced to death for the murders and is currently one of more than 715 inmates serving on San Quentin Death Row.

Charles “Chase’ Merritt.” Photo credit: California Department of Motor Vehicles

Joseph operated a fountain installation and manufacturing business, and he managed all aspects of his business, from day-to-day running of the business to customer service, pricing, invoices, procurement of the foundations and selling. However, Joseph’s company didn’t create the fountains themselves. Joseph was self-employed as a standalone business, but he hired independent contractors to help him out. Chase was one of these workers.

It turned up that Chase owed Joseph $32,000 prior to the family’s disappearance and Joseph planned to fire him. DNA was also found on the steering wheel and gear shift of the McStay’s family car, which was confirmed to be Chase’s DNA. He was identified as having a motive and he was placed at the scene of the crime. Still, Chase proclaimed his innocence.

More On Chase Merritt

Another thing about Chase that’s getting in the way of his “innocence” plea, is his lengthy rap sheet. Chase, who was 52 years old when he committed this crime, had lived in Los Angeles, Victorville and surrounding areas since he was in his 20s. Because of this, he knew the landscape well. He also was a convicted felon with his most recent felony charge in 2001 involving a burglary and receiving stolen property, and followed with a six-month jail stint. The stolen property was $32,000 worth of welding and drilling equipment from San Gabriel Ornamental Iron Works in Monrovia, California, showing a behavior that was similar to the situation between him and Joseph McStay.

Some of Chase’s earlier convictions include:

  • ’77, burglary of a home and another charge for petty theft, 60 days in jail for each
  • ’78, criminal trespassing, 30 days in jail
  • ’78, burglary, two years in prison
  • ’85, receiving stolen property, one year in jail
  • ’87, receiving stolen property, 16 months in prison
  • ’88, receiving stolen property, 14 days in jail
  • ’88, parole violation
  • ’01, burglary and grand theft, six months in jail

Still, for some reason, no one wanted to believe that Chase was the culprit. Despite his history, none of his crimes were violent in nature. Chase also took a polygraph test, which he passed. When asked what he thought of Chase as a suspect, Patrick McStay, Joseph’s father, told CBS8:

“I have to have faith in Chase because I have to have faith in my son. I believe that [Joseph] trusted Chase and believed in Chase. Do I think Chase is involved? I don’t think so, and I truly hope not.”

In addition to Chase’s history of criminal behavior, the trial caste light on his gambling addiction. In the days after the McStay’s disappeared, he wrote checks from Joseph’s business account which totaled more than $21,000. He then went on a gambling spree, frequenting nearby casinos and losing thousands of dollars. 

In January 21, 2020, Chase, then 63, was sentenced to death for the murders of Joseph, Summer, Gianni and Joseph Jr. McStay. He is still serving on San Quentin Death Row.


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Photo credit: Getty Images

At A Glance

Name(s) of victim(s) + age(s): no one was physically harmed in this crime
Date(s): April 26, 2005 to April 30, 2005
Location(s) of crime(s): Duluth, Georgia
Perpetrator(s) + age(s): Jennifer Wilibanks, 32
Relationship to victim(s): no one was physically harmed in this crime
Crime(s) in sum: Dubbed the “runaway bride” by the media, Jennifer Wilbanks pulled an earlier Sherri Papini move and faked her kidnapping to avoid marrying her fiancé.


In true crime we focus so often on the lengths people go to obtain what they want or avoid consequence. Some of these lengths mark the very lines we cross and the decisions we’ll spend the rest of our lives mulling over.

Perhaps what Jennifer Wilibanks did to avoid her wedding back in late 2005 is one of these decisions for her. If you’re asking me, I think it is.

Back in April 2005, 32-year-old Jennifer Wilbanks shared a home in Duluth, Georgia, with her fiancé, 32-year-old John Mason. Jennifer and John set a wedding date for Saturday, April 30, 2005 in Duluth and all plans were in place. 

Jennifer Wilbanks. Photo credit: Gerry Images.

Their wedding was to be nothing short of spectacular. The reception would be held at the exclusive Atlanta Athletic Club in Duluth, a private club built in the late 1800s. Jennifer had long prepared for the day, picking out colors and sending invitations, attending gown fittings and celebrating eight different showers. As a self-described perfectionist and someone who dreamt of a fairytale wedding, Jennifer wanted the day to be nothing short of picture-perfect.

So, it came as a shock when Jennifer disappeared four days before the wedding and then reappeared some 1,400 miles and six states away. It was even more shocking when Jennifer said she was kidnapped, and then devastating when she admitted to making the whole thing up. She’d been safe the whole time; it was herself she was running from.

Before The Flee

Jennifer spent her childhood in Gainesville, Georgia, about an hour outside of Atlanta. She grew up with a traditional southern upbringing, which she described as “idyllic” in a 2005 interview with NBC’s Katie Couric. Jennifer was raised with a twin brother, Matthew. Her mother co-owned a local sporting goods store and her father managed land sales for the Georgia Department of Transportation. Her family was religious and attended church together often.

When she was six, Jennifer’s parents divorced. Her mother had an affair with a former boss and left when news of it reached her husband. From then, Jennifer spent her childhood alternating weekends between her parents. She excelled as a student at North Hall High School in Gainesville, where she made the honor roll and was a varsity athlete. Matthew described Jennifer as the “goody-two-shoes” of the siblings and the one with the larger social life.

After high school, Jennifer attended the University of Georgia to study biology, pre-med, some 50 miles from home. The change was too much for Jennifer and she dropped out after her second year. Upon returning home, she found a job as a unit assistant at Northeast Georgia Medical Center, fulfilling secretarial tasks such as answering phones and filing paperwork. She stayed there for eight years, from 1996 through 2004, and subsequently worked there on an as-needed basis. She also babysat children for a handful of local, wealthy families for about a decade. Jennifer often express her own desire to be a mother one day.


Questionable Behaviors

Jennifer wasn’t new to the dating scene and was in a few serious relationships before. She was engaged once, though briefly, but that was 10 years prior to meeting John. She called off that wedding more than a year before the scheduled date.

After her broken engagement, Jennifer experienced some hardships of her own. She was twice-arrested for shoplifting—first for stealing $37 worth of merchandise from a Walmart, and then $1,740 worth of stolen goods from a mall—and once for theft in April 1998, when she was caught shoplifting $98 worth of merchandise from another store. Jennifer spent two weekends in jail. 

Booking photos from the Hall County, Georgia, Detention Center and released by WDUN NEWS 550 on Jennifer Wilbanks’ prior arrests. Photograph courtesy Associated Press/The Spokesman-Review.

The $37 from Walmart pertained to a stolen bridal DVD, Jennifer told NBC’s Katie Couric, and the $1,740 was from a time when Jennifer worked at a department store and allowed her friends to take the merchandise. Jennifer turned herself in and paid restitution to all the stores involved—and then, her life seemed to get better.

Stealing in relation to Jennifer was also cited by at least two women who hired her to babysit their children, and who told the NY Post she mainly took clothing and costume jewelry. They also said Jennifer described herself as a nurse and would come to their homes dressed in scrubs. Jennifer didn’t have a nursing degree or a license to practice.

A third woman Jennifer babysat for corroborated Matthew’s statements about Jennifer’s plastic surgery, citing that Jennifer had a plastic surgery addiction and was known to show off her breast implants. This same woman said that one day, Jennifer showed up with a broken jaw that was realigned and wired shut, and another day she showed with stitches below both of her eyes. After that last surgery Jennifer bore her now-signature wide-eyed look.


Enter John Mason

In 2003, Jennifer met John Mason, who she thought was “the perfect guy.” Mason was 31 years old, the same age as Jennifer, and he came from a similar background.

John worked as an office manager, and also like Jennifer, he was from a small town in Georgia. He also grew up with a traditional upbringing and his father, an attorney, served as the mayor of Duluth in the late ’70s and early ’80s. His family was well-known and respected in the area.

John Mason and Jennifer Wilbanks.

Like Jennifer, John also ran into personal troubles. He once earned the reputation for being a “party animal” who was popular with women, but six years before meeting Jennifer, he decided to change his life and become a born-again Christian. 

John happened to work with Jennifer’s aunt, Shirley, who is the common bond in bringing them together. It struck Shirley that John and Jennifer were around the same age, and also shared an interest in running. Knowing about John’s love for running, Shirley approached him one day to suggest he meet her niece. Shirley gave him Jennifer’s phone number and they spoke for six hours that day. Pretty instantly, the pair hit it off, and of course they did. They had a lot in common.

Ten months after their first date, John proposed and Jennifer said yes. She moved in with him soon after, though they remained abstinent in respect of John’s religious beliefs. During this time, they planned their wedding together. Jennifer picked out colors and silverware styles and flower arrangements. She tried on dresses and went back and forth with caterers and sent invitations. Her and John had 600 guests because they didn’t know when to say no, nor did they want to. They wanted it to be a celebration that included all of their loved ones; something utterly extravagant and memorable.

But the closer the wedding came, the more Jennifer’s anxiety grew. She was full of fear. She didn’t want to disappoint anyone so she kept all her fears inside, buried deep within, until she could no longer bear their weight. When she broke, she told NBC’s Katie Couric that her first instinct was to run.


Jennifer Leaves Town

Eleven days before the wedding and five days after Jennifer’s last shower, she bought a Greyhound bus ticket. The ticket was usable for up to a week and she spent that week thinking and thinking. On the last day the ticket was usable, she impulsively took a taxi to Atlanta Airport and hopped on a Greyhound bus. It was around 8:30 pm on Tuesday, April 26, 2005, four days before her wedding. What many people don’t know, Jennifer told NBC’s Katie Couric, is that she had bus tickets in one hand and a bottle of pills in the other. She choose the bus tickets.

Jennifer told John she was going for a run. Just before she chopped off her brown shoulder-length hair. She told NBC’s Katie Couric she did this because she “didn’t want to be found.”

Jennifer carried only $140 in cash. She had no clothes but the ones on her back. She was void of a plan. At the bus station she chose Austin, Texas, as her destination, simply because she’d seen the city in a documentary featuring actor Matthew McConaughey a few days earlier. Jennifer stared out the bus window for hours, ruminating on her decision, what led up to it and what might happen. She was still full of fear. She tried not to think of John.

Back at home, John grew worried as the clock read 10:15 pm. It was dark out and Jennifer was gone for nearly two hours. He knew Duluth was a safe area, a bedroom community, and one where crime isn’t too great of a concern, but it didn’t sit right with him. He got in his car and drove around Duluth, checking all side roads and looking in all the ditches, worried that his fiancé might have been injured somewhere.

Around 12:30 am, three-and-a-half hours after he last saw her, John called the police and reported Jennifer missing. By the morning, friends, family members and neighbors congregated at their house, supporting the search for Jennifer by making flyers and contacting media outlets. John didn’t know then but being the spouse, he became a person of interest. 

A day and a half after Jennifer left, her disappearance made national headlines.Not only was John looking for her, but everyone else was, too.

Halfway on the other side of the country, Jennifer was still on a bus and unaware of how large the search was, or that there was a search at all. She sporadically changed routes and headed for Las Vegas, transferring in Dallas. Another 30 hours on the road were ahead of her. Meanwhile, her family members pooled their resources to offer a $100,000 reward for information leading to Jennifer’s whereabouts.

At this point, John appointed his own lawyer. He was questioned by the FBI and administered a lie detector test. He remained baffled throughout.

A rendering of that route that Jennifer Wilbanks took, via Greyhound bus, during her disappearance.

The Jig is Up

Jennifer used the last of her money. She changed routes again and purchased her final bus ticket to Albuquerque, New Mexico. She arrived there on the fourth night she was gone. Back in Duluth, it was on the cusp of sunrise. It was also the day of her wedding. 

Jennifer wandered around Albuquerque’s east side until she found a payphone outside of a 7-Eleven. She called John and her stepfather answered the phone, flooded with relief that she called. She heard people cheering in the background.

With so many aware of Jennifer’s whereabouts, she didn’t know how to explain herself so she concocted a story. On the phone she told John, as Georgia police listened in, that an unknown couple kidnapped her during her run. They cut her hair so she wouldn’t be recognized, she said. She described the man as Latino with bad teeth and the woman as Caucasian, blonde and heavyset, and who looked to be in their 40s. Her stepfather said to call the Albuquerque police and report the crime, so she did just that. She also embellished her story further.

A screenshot of Jennifer Wilbanks from the 2005 interview with NBC’s Katie Couric. Watch it here:

Speaking with police, Jennifer told them she was forced into a blue van where she was raped. She described Spanish music in the background and forced sexual acts. As she delved into detail, her lies became obvious to experienced detectives. Within a few hours, Jennifer confessed and the truth was made public news. By the week’s end, she went from intensely stressed over her wedding to making headlines as “runaway television embarrassment,” per The Washington Post.

When John learned the truth, he was upset but for all of five minutes, he told NBC’s Katie Couric. Then he breathed a sigh of relief, knowing that it was the best-possible outcome. He appeared by Jennifer’s side in all her court appearances and proposed again shortly after she returned—but that didn’t last long. In May, less than a month after the “incident,” the couple called off their engagement. A year later, they separated for good.

A messy and public back-and-forth over money ensued. Jennifer sold her story to Regan Media in New York City for $500,000. The money was put into an account under JCM Consulting in Atlanta and allegedly while Jennifer was hospitalized and under medication, John was signed as the new power of attorney. Using all the proceeds from her story, he purchased a home in his name in Dacula, Georgia. Jennifer sued John for $250,000 in punitive damages and $250,000 for her share of the house. They also argued about personal assets, such as a ladder that belonged to Jennifer’s father, a new vacuum cleaner, wedding shower gifts and a gold-colored sofa. John countersued, claiming emotional distress from being left at the alter in 2005. Both of them dropped their lawsuits.

The welcome-back response Jennifer received from her community wasn’t as forgiving as John tried to be. Jennifer put a strain on the city of Duluth that Maj. Dan Woodruff of the Duluth Police Department described as “the largest operation we’ve ever dealt with, other than possibly a tornado that came through town, and one that cost law enforcement over $60,000 in four days. Her decision to label one of the faux kidnappers as Latino was also condemned by the public too, with discussions considering the perpetuation of racial stereotypes.

Residents frequently drove by John’s house yelling “Don’t marry her!” out their car windows. Some of them told media that Jennifer would fare better moving out of town. Even those who didn’t think harshly of Jennifer expected an apology, or at the very least an honest explanation about what happened.


Jennifer’s Explanation—What Do You Think?

Jennifer explained what transpired as something more serious than a “runaway bride” incident. She told NBC’s Katie Couric that she was contemplating suicide.

“And this is the part a lot of the people don’t know,” Jennifer Wilibanks tells NBC’s Katie Couric. “I had a bottle of pills or I had the bus ticket, and I decided not to play God that day and decide when it was time for me to go. So, I got on that bus. Were there other alternatives? Sure, there were, but that’s all I knew at that moment, Katie. And you know, I’m so ashamed and feel so guilty for the people that I have hurt, and how, you know, how this has affected many people’s lives. But at the same time it’s the best mistake I ever made. It allowed me to realize that I desperately needed help and that was what I did. And that’s what I’m getting now.”

Jennifer Wilkins to Katie Couric in a 2005 interview with NBC.

She added, “I have got to, first of all, learn to be happy with myself so that I can have confidence that others will be happy with me. And that’s a work-in-progress for me.”

Jennifer Wilbanks was sentenced to two years of probation, 120 hours of community service and mental health treatment. She was also mandated to pay reparations for the time and resources used for her search. In four days, law enforcement spent a total of $66,000 on the search. Jennifer was ordered to pay $13,250 to the city of Duluth $13,250 and $2,250 to the Gwinnett County Sheriff’s Department. After completing her probation, Jennifer’s criminal record was expunged.  

John remarried in March 2008 in a quiet ceremony in Duluth. 

In early 2009, Jennifer, then 37, started dating Greg Hutson, 38, a landscaper married twice before. They adopted a dog together named Lady. The couple soon married in 2010 but they divorced quietly in 2021.



My-Two-Cents Corner

I have a feeling the public was quick to judge Jennifer Wilbanks. While impulsive and expensive, and I do think it makes perfect sense for her to pay reparations, I don’t think she meant the amount of harm she caused.

Jennifer didn’t take off with a lover. She didn’t have a financial motive. She didn’t physically injure anyone, including her fiancé, or put another person in harm’s way, including herself. Yes, she purchased the Greyhound bus ticket a week before her departure, but her leaving was hardly premeditated. She didn’t even pack a bag or a change of clothes, and she hardly had enough money to survive on. Jennifer didn’t stay anywhere overnight, like a hotel, motel or shelter; she spent those few days riding on different buses. To add to that, she hadn’t seen the news and claimed to be unaware that her disappearance was national attention, nor do I believe she considered this a possibility—but then again, who would?

I think Jennifer was experiencing a mix of emotions. Keep in mind, I’m totally projecting here, but I imagine she was overwhelmed by the expectations of others coupled with her own unreachable expectations. She is a perfectionist, remember. I believe she was enveloped in a world of planning and preparing and people-pleasing, and despite having such a large circle—Jennifer had 14 bridesmaids—there was no one she felt comfortable enough with to confide in, and that’s the real test (and enjoyment) of true friendship, if you ask me. Perhaps a friend could have talked her through it, or invited her to stay the night and clear her head. Speaking your thoughts aloud to another person you trust and hearing their honest input, which is separate from your own (a critical part), can do wonders, and I believe it would have in this situation. Perhaps it could have prevented Jennifer from taking off in the first place.

Continuing with my own speculations, Jennifer’s natural order of things is to keep up appearances, so she did just that and everyone else remained unaware. She didn’t know what to do, so she took off and fled. It seemed like an impulsive response, not a malicious one, but the media made a sensation out of it. I understand why it became news in the first place; Jennifer’s loved ones were searching for her. I understand that law enforcement and the public were upset with her for using scarce resources. But I don’t think a frightened women overwhelmed by emotions, taking off and returning, and then apologizing for it, should have been scrutinized so heavily. I don’t need to compare this case to similar scenarios with far worse outcomes to get my point across.

At least in the end, everyone was safe here.

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At A Glance

Name(s) of victim(s) + age(s): Nicole Elizabeth Snyder, 6, and Jasmine Jean Snyder, 4
Date(s) of crime(s): on or around May 10, 2016 and on or around August 11, 2017
Location: Hepburn Township, Pennsylvania, and Williamsport, Pennsylvania
Perpetrator(s) + age(s): Marie Sue Snyder, 32, and Echo Butler, 26
Relationship to victim(s): Marie Sue Snyder is the mother of Nicole and Jasmine Snyder, and Echo Butler is the girlfriend of Marie Sue Snyder
Crimes in sum: Five years passed before authorities were alerted to the disappearance of 6-year-old Nicole Snyder and her sister, 4-year-old Jasmine Jean Snyder, of Williamsport, Pennsylvania. It wasn’t that no one noticed their absence before, but their mother, 32-year-old Marie Sue Snyder, had far more involvement than she let on. Reader discretion: TRIGGER WARNING. 

Trigger warning: This case involves severe child abuse.


Welcome to True Crime Beat, a true crime blog.

This blog is several years in the making—the result of starting, stopping and then starting again, with some overthinking sprinkled in between. 

I was moved to finally get this blog going because I couldn’t shake this case. Being interested in true crime, I’ve read about all sorts of cases involving the most horrendous of circumstances, but none have caught my attention more recently than the senseless murders of Nicole and Jasmine Snyder. This post, the first post of this blog and the push to finally start this long-term project, is to raise awareness about this case.

WHERE THIS CRIME TAKES PLACE: Williamsport, Pennsylvania.

Williamsport, Pennsylvania.

The Worst Case I’ve Read In A While

The short lives of 6-year-old Nicole Elizabeth Snyder and her sister, 4-year-old Jasmine Jean Snyder of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, were filled with more evil than most people see in their lifetimes.

Nicole Snyder, right, and her sister Jasmine, taken in the spring or summer of 2015 by their grandfather Robert Snyder. Photo credit: PennLive.  

These precious little girls were traumatized for most of their lives. They were kept from their father and abused by their mother’s partner, and their mother enabled it.

It is absolutely unthinkable to imagine these smiling, blonde-haired babies being exposed to such horrendous treatment. It is a parent’s God-given right to protect their children at all costs, and the girls’ mother, 32-year-old Marie Sue Snyder, failed at that job and devastatingly so.

This is not an easy case to get through. TRIGGER WARNING: This post contains descriptions of severe child abuse. Reader discretion is advised.

What Started This?

Marie Sue Snyder married Joshua Snyder in 2009 and the couple moved to Lititz, Pennsylvania; a small town in Amish Country some 75 miles northwest of Philadelphia. In the next few years, Marie and Joshua had three children, two girls and a boy: Nicole Elizabeth, Jasmine Jean and Jesse.

The couple later moved to the historic small town of Hughesville, Pennsylvania, less than 20 miles outside of Williamsport. Their marriage remained intact through 2014 but only on paper. Marie Sue, then 25, left the martial home with all three children–Jesse was a newborn at the time–and moved in with her friend Echo Butler, 21, and her parents in Williamsport. Echo and Marie had a friendship that quickly escalated into a romantic partnership after the move.

Marie and Joshua officially separated in 2015 and subsequent actions suggest–in my own opinion–that Marie tried to get Joshua out of the picture. Marie filed for primary custody of the children and filed two protection-from-abuse (PFA) orders against Joshua. In the first, Marie said Joshua touched one of the girls inappropriately; a claim that was never confirmed. In the second, Marie said Joshua pulled a gun on her and she feared for her life. Because of the allegations against him, Joshua could only see his children during supervised visits for 12 hours on Fridays.

Around when the second PFA was issued, Joshua went to assist a relative in Maine. Because he was out of town, Joshua was unaware of the second PFA hearing. When he returned to Pennsylvania, he learned he was prohibited from seeing his children, because he didn’t attend the hearing. Joshua repeatedly attempted to gain contact with Marie but to no avail. This was the last time he saw his daughters alive.

Jasmine Snyder, 4, and her sister Nicole Snyder, 6, in the background, playing in the snow.. Photo by her father, Joshua Snyder. Photo credit: PAhomepage

In the meantime, the children continued living with their mother, Echo–who was now their mother’s girlfriend–and her parents, Michele Butler, 46 and Ronald Butler, 50. They all shared a home in Hepburn Township, a rural area four miles north of Williamsport.

Long ago, in the late 1800s, Williamsport was booming due from the success of its lumber industry, and home to the country’s most millionaires. Since then it’s lost about a third of its population.

When the children moved in with Echo and her family, Marie told investigators they were healthy. Joshua told PAhomepage he continued paying child support. He also continuously requested visits with and wellness checks on them, but received no response. Joshua said when he didn’t hear from Marie, he assumed his daughters were safe and they’d reach out to him when they were older. He told PAhomepage he never imagined something like the outcome that transpired.


A Motive Unthinkable

It wasn’t long after Marie in with Echo, that Echo started abusing Nicole and Jasmine. While Marie worked at a nearby nursing home–which is also quite worrisome, if you ask me–Echo was responsible for caring for Nicole, Jasmine and Jesse. The opportunity to be alone with them for so many hours afforded the girls little protection from their tormentor, and their mother was no mother at all.

Echo said she “hated” the girls, so she harmed them daily. She withheld from from them, only delving out spoonfuls of peas or bites of cereal at a time, along with sips of water. Eventually, they weren’t fed at all anymore.

Nicole and Jasmine were physically beaten by Echo, which included being choked, having their hands tied behind their backs and being hit with closed fists. They were sometimes forced to stand in the corner of a room with their faces to the wall from daybreak to nightfall, and made to take cold baths because Echo said they “didn’t deserve” the hot water. The girls were constantly screamed at, pushed and shoved around.

Marie Sue Snyder, 32, and Echo Lane Butler, 26.

Jasmine was often left in a car seat in the home and restrained for hours at a time. Nicole was often bound. Both girls were left sitting in soiled diapers for hours or even days. If they defecated in their diapers or had an accident, Echo smeared feces and urine on their faces.

When their mother, Marie, was asked why her and Echo withheld food from them, she answered coldly, “We starved them so they would die.”

Lisa Shoemaker, Echo’s aunt, came forward as witnessing Echo trying to “sell” Jasmine to a Lycoming County couple for $1,000. Echo refused this claim and stated that Marie didn’t want her ex-husband, Joshua “to know.” It was in 2015 when Lisa also first approached Marie about Echo’s harsh methods of discipline and noticed marks and bruises on the girls’ bodies.

Dale Fisher, a neighbor of the Butler’s from 2014 to 2017, told investigators that while visiting on at least one occasion, he saw Nicole and Jasmine being fed spoonfuls of peas and some water while everyone else had pizza. He described the girls as “skinny” and saw them bound to a wall.

Dale told investigators that during one visit, he heard a “bloodcurdling scream” after Echo brought Nicole to the bathroom to give her a bath. After another visit, Dale and his wife phoned the Children and Youth Services Agency (Children and Youth) and filed a report.

The abuse inflicted on the children was harsh and prolonged. There was no escape for Nicole or Jasmine. As a result of subsequent abuse at the hands of her caregivers, Nicole died on or around May 10, 2016, and Jasmine died on or around August 11, 2017.

For over a year, Jasmine continued living in the home with her abusive caregivers, knowing that her sister died as a direct result. “Fear” is a poor description to explain what Jasmine, who was only four years old, felt during the aftermath of her sister’s death. As if that wasn’t earth-shattering enough, Echo abused Jasmine more harshly after Nicole died.


How The Lies Came To Light

From the last time Joshua saw his daughters in 2015 through the beginning of November of 2021, he believed they were okay. But early that month he learned the bodies of Nicole and Jasmine, his baby girls, were recovered between November 5 and 6, 2021. Nicole had been deceased for five years and Jasmine, for four years.

Nicole and Jasmine’s bodies were found in shallow graves near a trailer home at the end of Livermore Road. The Butler’s lived at 653 Livermore Road in Hepburn Township (shown). Their emaciated bodies were placed in tote bags and hidden behind a shed.

A Google Image photo of the area where Nicole and Jasmine’s bodies were found.   

Despite having passed years before, their condition made the abuse they suffered jarringly apparent–especially as more information was discovered.

When Nicole passed away, she weighed 10 pounds, despite being six years old. Investigators also learned that all three adult women in the household were present during her passing, which included Echo, her abuser, her mother Marie and Echo’s mother Michele. They watched as she took her last breath.

At this same moment, Marie called 9-1-1 but hung up when Echo and Michele told her to do so. When 9-1-1 called back, she told them the call was a mistake.

Echo and Marie then placed Nicole’s body on a bed and covered it with a blanket, to appear like she was sleeping. Then, they took a drive to a nearby store, discussing what to do next. When they returned, they’d decided on moving Nicole’s body to the shed, where it remained for several days. Eventually, Echo grabbed a shovel and dug a hole at the back of a shed on their property and placed Nicole’s body inside. Marie dropped moth balls around it to cover up any possible odor.

Marie told investigators that when Nicole passed away in May 2016, Jasmine had been living with a neighbor, Lisa Shoemaker, who was identified earlier as Echo’s aunt. Marie said that she, Echo and Jesse subsequently moved into their own apartment on Catherine Street in Williamsport after Nicole’s death. The truth was that Jasmine lived in the apartment with them, albeit only for a short time.

Marie said Jasmine was treated “well” at first. She told Echo she couldn’t bear the pain of losing another daughter. An official stopped by their apartment during this time and saw Jasmine playing with toys on the floor. All appeared well from a distance. A year later, Jasmine died as a result of the same abuse inflicted on her older sister. Her body was placed in the trunk of Marie and Echo’s car and brought inside the Livermore Road shed, where Nicole’s body was held. She was ultimately buried alongside her sister.

From then, Marie and Echo made a pact that if anyone asked, they would say Nicole and Jasmine were living with their father, Joshua. Marie and Echo burned all Nicole and Jasmine’s toys and belongings.


What Cracked This Case Open?

Police became concerned with the whereabouts of Nicole and Jasmine Snyder not because they were identified missing, but because their younger brother Jesse, now 7, was missing school. The search for Jesse prompted the involvement of Lycoming County Children and Youth Services. When they made contact with Jesse, authorities saw that he couldn’t use the bathroom independently and couldn’t count beyond 10. Marie claimed she was homeschooling him.

Police then realized Nicole and Jasmine were nowhere to be found. No one but the family claimed to see the girls in six years, and they were suspicious.

Marie was brought in for questioning on September 15, 2021 and again on September 25, 2021. On September 26, Echo and Marie packed their belongings, took Jesse and fled Hepburn Township, promising to never return. They hopped from hotel to hotel for several weeks until police caught up with them. When asked why they ran, Marie and Echo said it was because they didn’t want Jesse to be taken from them. Despite the ongoing abuse toward Nicole and Jasmine, Marie and Echo claimed Jesse wasn’t abused. (I certainly believe his emotional and developmental delays can be considered a result of abuse. Imagine what that little boy has seen and been exposed to?)

On October 22, authorities made contact with Butler’s neighbors, who said they never saw two girls, but only Jesse. On November 5, Echo was taken into custody and admitted to knowing the whereabouts of all three children.

Marie Snyder exists the Lycoming County courthouse where she testified that she and her female partner, Echo Butler, intentionally starved to her two daughters to death. At right is Old Lycoming Twp. Detective Robert Mausteller. Photo credit: PennLIVE.

Marie was taken into custody a day earlier on November 4, 2021. Initially, she told police the girls were staying with a friend and being homeschooled there because she didn’t have enough room for them. However, Marie didn’t provide information on who or where the friend was. Soon after, Nicole and Jasmine’s remains were located on the Williamsport property.

In an interview with PennLive, Robert Synder, the paternal grandfather of Nicole and Jasmine, said Marie never wanted to keep her daughters; she only wanted custody of her son. Nicole and Jasmine’s father, Joshua Snyder, remains committed to finding out exactly what transpired and seeking justice for his late daughters.

While searching the Butler family home, authors found handwritten letters from Marie to Echo, written over the years. In at least one letter, Marie said she never wanted to have children and instead wanted to abort them, but was encouraged otherwise from Joshua and his family. She also apologized to Echo in a December 2015 letter where she wrote, “I’m sorry about these fucking bitches,” referring to her daughters. “If you want them gone, they’re gone.” In January 2017, another letter from Marie to Echo stated, “I know you don’t like Jasmine and never liked Nicole.”

For up to five years following the death of both daughters, Marie and Echo continued to collect more than $70,000 in benefits from the Lycoming County Assistance Office and the Domestic Relations Office.

Joshua Snyder, father of Nicole Elizabeth and Jasmine Jean Snyder, and his father, speak to WNEP16.

The Lycoming County district attorney referred to the Butler’s home as the “trailer of horrors.” In an unsealed police affidavit, Lycoming County District Attorney Ryan Gardner said:

The conditions, unfortunately, these two beautiful little girls were subjected to prior to their deaths, is some of the worst that I have ever seen by far. In speaking with law enforcement, hands down, it is the worst that they have seen as well in their storied 30-plus-year careers.

Ryan Gardner, Lycoming County District Attorney

In an interview with Northern Pennsylvania news station WNEP16, Joshua said, “If something happens, you call the police. You call if something happens to a child. They come out and they investigate. You don’t hide something.”


And If That’s Not Evil Enough…

Echo’s parents, Ronald and Michele, lied to cover up what happened. Michele said she had not seen the girls in more than six years,and didn’t know where they were. Not only were they aware of what happened, but they participated in the abuse, indicating a total of four adults directly involved in Nicole and Jasmine’s murders.


Charges Faced

Michele Butler, 49, pled guilty to third-degree murder charges in mid-April 2022.

Robert Butler, 53, pled guilty on two third-degree felony counts of child endangerment and a misdemeanor charge for obstruction for allegedly telling false information to child protective services.

Marie Sue Snyder and Echo Butler are both facing 40 combined felony and misdemeanor charges, which include criminal homicide, simple assault, recklessly endangering another person. unlawful restraint/serious bodily injury, death by deception-fail to correct, concealed death of a child, endangering the welfare of children, obstruction, abuse of a corpse and conspiracy. Echo is currently being held in Lycoming County Prison and Marie Sue is being held at Center County Correctional Facility.

(Updates to come on sentencing.)


My-Two-Cents Corner ⤵

Blog posts will follow with my two cents, not with every case, but only if I feel it necessary.

PLEASE keep in mind that this is my personal blog with my personal thoughts. What I think is not necessarily true, though I will base my opinion on facts. I

Point No. 1: Why didn’t anyone look for Nicole and Jasmine earlier? Five years?

Even though Marie claimed to be “homeschooling” her children, there really should be a system in place to check on children who are being homeschooled, their wellbeing and the environment in which they’re being educated (and raised). This situation is ripe for abusers to isolate young victims and with no check-in practices in place, children can truly wind up anywhere and in the care of anyone. I’m not aware of the legal side to homeschooling and child welfare, but this is the main problem that stands out to me. If Marie and Echo were intending to abuse Jesse, Marie’s youngest son, there would have been plenty of time to do so before anyone could intervene, as was the case with Nicole and Jasmine.

Point No. 2: Abusers having professional caretaker roles?

I also have to point out a pattern here and that is abusers being entrusted in caregiver positions. Marie worked at a local nursing home. She would go home and allow the continued abuse of her two eldest daughters, her only daughters, ages 6 and 4. Then, she’d go to work and leave her daughters in the care of her vicious, violent partner, and administer care for elderly folks.

I can’t help but assume here that Marie may have abused her patients, at some point or another–especially if she didn’t particularly “like” them, which is what happened in part with Nicole and Jasmine. The girls’ paternal grandfather, Robert Snyder, told PennLive that Marie never wanted the girls; she only wanted Jesse. If she acted on something so senseless in her own home, there’s no reason to assume her patients were safe either.

Point No. 3: How was this allowed to continue with four adults involved?

We’re obviously discussing four adults who are not in their right minds, but there were four people involved, including Nicole and Jasmine’s mother, which makes this even more outrageous.

Cycles of abuse often perpetuate in families, unfortunately. There’s not enough information on the backstory of the Snyder’s or the Butler’s to make this connection, but I will make this assumption myself. However, the difference here is that even if Echo Butler was abused by her parents growing up, it was not severe enough to result in death. Echo is currently incarcerated and still very much alive. So if these behaviors weren’t perpetuated to a current extent, how were they enabled by those around Echo? Another conclusion I have to make here is that the others feared Echo to an extent.


What Do You Think?

Comment your thoughts and options down below, but please be respectful of your community members and the innocent parties involved.

Thank you for reading.

Rest in peace, Nicole and Jasmine Snyder.


References

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